Obesity, diabetes, and links to congenital defects: A review of the evidence and recommendations for intervention
Obesity, diabetes, and links to congenital defects: A review of the evidence and recommendations for intervention
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DOI：
10.1080/14767050801929885
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发表时间：
2008-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Reece, E. Albert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Reece, E. Albert
目标。回顾孕妇肥胖和糖尿病与出生缺陷发生率之间的联系。此外，本文还提出了一些建议，以促进以证据为基础的方法在更大范围内的实施，特别是在孕妇中预防肥胖。方法：主要来自流行病学研究的证据综述，将孕妇肥胖和肥胖相关的代谢紊乱与一系列出生缺陷联系起来。它还回顾了怀孕期间肥胖和糖尿病导致胚胎发育损害的潜在机制，并强调了一些基于证据的预防方法。结果：肥胖和糖尿病是美国人口中一个日益严重的问题。这一问题在育龄妇女中尤为严重，因为肥胖和糖尿病的结合对发育中的胎儿是有害的，而这两种疾病分别会导致胚胎病。结论：迫切需要制定一项国家战略来应对人口中日益严重的肥胖和糖尿病问题及其相关问题。这一战略需要包括一系列税收减免、经济激励、立法和教育方法，才能发挥作用。
Objective.To review evidence on the link between obesity and diabetes in pregnant women and the incidence of birth defects. In addition, the article offers recommendations for facilitating the broader scale implementation of evidence-based approaches to preventing obesity, particularly among pregnant women.Methods.A review of the evidence, primarily from epidemiologic studies, linking obesity and obesity-related metabolic disturbances in pregnant women to a range of birth defects. It also reviews potential mechanisms by which obesity and diabetes during pregnancy lead to damage in the developing embryo and highlights some evidence-based approaches to prevention. Finally it reviews policy options for positively impacting obesity and diabetes in this population.Results.Obesity and diabetes are a growing problem in the US population. This problem is particularly acute among women of childbearing age because the combination of obesity and diabetes is toxic to the developing fetus, which each contributing independently to embryopathy.Conclusions.There is an urgent need for a national strategy for combating the growing and related problems of obesity and diabetes in the population. This strategy needs to encompass a spectrum of tax breaks, economic incentives, legislation, and educational approaches in order to be effective.