The Chemistry of the Postpharyngeal Gland of Female European Beewolves
The Chemistry of the Postpharyngeal Gland of Female European Beewolves
复制标题
雌性欧洲蜂狼咽后腺的化学成分
DOI：
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发表时间：
2008
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
T. Schmitt
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Strohm;Gudrun Herzner;Martin Kaltenpoth;W. Boland;P. Schreier;Sven Geiselhardt;K. Peschke;T. Schmitt
欧洲Beewolf的女性，慈善事业三角形，头部有一个大手套形的腺体，后咽后腺（PPG）通过使用联合GC-MS，GC-FTIR和衍生物来描述腺体的化学成分。饱和碳氢化合物的量（C14 – C33）和少量的甲基支柱碳氢化合物（C17 – C31）。还有几个长链饱和（C25，C27）和不饱和（C23 – C27）酮，其中一些酮尚未被报道为天然产物。我们发现了某些具有（Z）-9五苯乙烯的女性的PPG的主要成分，而其他女性则具有（Z）-9- heptacosene作为其主要成分的（Z）-9- heptaceene。讨论了猎物上的真菌生长和化学二态性的重要性。
Females of the European beewolf, Philanthus triangulum, possess a large glove-shaped gland in the head, the postpharyngeal gland (PPG). They apply the content of the PPG to their prey, paralyzed honeybees, where it delays fungal infestation. Here, we describe the chemical composition of the gland by using combined GC-MS, GC-FTIR, and derivatization. The PPG of beewolves contains mainly long-chain unsaturated hydrocarbons (C23–C33), lower amounts of saturated hydrocarbons (C14–C33), and minor amounts of methyl-branched hydrocarbons (C17–C31). Additionally, the hexane-soluble gland content is comprised of small amounts of an unsaturated C25 alcohol, an unknown sesquiterpene, an octadecenylmethylester, and several long-chain saturated (C25, C27) and unsaturated (C23–C27) ketones, some of which have not yet been reported as natural products. Surprisingly, we found a dimorphism with regard to the major component of the PPG with some females having (Z)-9-pentacosene, whereas others have (Z)-9-heptacosene as their predominant component. The biological relevance of the compounds for the prevention of fungal growth on the prey and the significance of the chemical dimorphism are discussed.