Bird responses to broad-leaved forest patch area in a plantation landscape across seasons.
Bird responses to broad-leaved forest patch area in a plantation landscape across seasons.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2009.04.015
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发表时间：
2009-10
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Y. Yamaura;Susumu Ikeno;M. Sano;K. Okabe;K. Ozaki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Yamaura;Susumu Ikeno;M. Sano;K. Okabe;K. Ozaki
虽然人工林已经在世界范围内广泛地取代了原始森林，但很少有研究在景观水平上考察人工林对生物的影响。在以针叶林为主的景观中，研究了阔叶林斑块面积（1.4 ~ 312ha）对鸟类越冬和繁殖期的影响。我们还调查了人工林基质中的鸟类，并将基质的斑块面积设为0。我们利用分段回归分析了物种检出率是否在不同的斑块面积（阈值）上突然变化。物种丰富度随斑块面积的增加而增加。检出率对斑块面积的响应不同，分为不敏感型、线性增减型、二次增减型、凹凸型。在某一斑块面积以上检出率突然升高的阈值仅在冬季出现。物种的反应在冬季比在繁殖季节变化更大。物种的某些生态性状（迁徙策略、筑巢基质和觅食性状）与斑块面积的响应一致，而体重仅在冬季相关。由于大斑块的物种丰富度和许多物种的检出率较高，应优先保留和恢复大面积阔叶林（特别是bbb40ha）。此外，鸟类在冬季对斑块面积的反应不应被忽视，因为许多物种在冬季需要大面积的斑块。
Although plantation forests have widely replaced native forests worldwide, few studies have examined the effects of plantation forestry on organisms at the landscape level. In this study, we examined the effects of broad-leaved forest patch area (1.4–312ha) on bird assemblages in a conifer plantation-dominated landscape during wintering and breeding seasons. We also surveyed birds in the plantation matrix and treated the patch area of the matrix as 0. We examined whether the detection rates of species changed suddenly across patch area (threshold) using segmented regression. We found that species richness increased with patch area in both seasons. Responses of detection rates to patch area varied and were categorized as follows: insensitive, linear increase and decrease, quadratic increase and decrease, concave and convex. Thresholds indicating that the detection rate suddenly increased above a certain patch area were found for two species only in the winter. Species responses varied more in the winter than in the breeding season. Certain ecological traits of species were consistently associated with the responses to patch area across seasons (migratory strategy, nesting substrate and foraging trait), while body weight was only associated in the winter. Because species richness and detection rates of many species were high in large patches, large broad-leaved forests (especially >40ha) should be retained and restored with high priority. Additionally, bird responses to patch area in the winter should not be ignored because many species required large patches during the winter season.