Sources of uncertainty in projections of twenty-first century westerly wind changes over the Amundsen Sea, West Antarctica, in CMIP5 climate models

Sources of uncertainty in projections of twenty-first century westerly wind changes over the Amundsen Sea, West Antarctica, in CMIP5 climate models
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CMIP5 气候模型中南极洲西部阿蒙森海二十一世纪西风变化预测的不确定性来源

DOI:
10.1007/s00382-013-2032-1
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发表时间:
2014
期刊:
影响因子:
4.6
通讯作者:
Bracegirdle T
Bracegirdle T
中科院分区:
地球科学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Bracegirdle T

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阿蒙森海上风的变化被证明是解释西南极主要冰川迅速融化冰的潜在关键机制,这对全球海平面产生了重大影响。在这里,耦合模式比较项目第五阶段(CMIP5)气候模式数据被用来评估阿蒙森海(UAS)上21世纪西风的预测。对RCP4.5和RCP8.5情景预测中模式不确定性和内部气候变异性的重要性进行了量化,并考虑了模式不确定性的潜在来源。在2090年至2099年的十年中,CMIP5模型显示出21世纪的集合平均响应,年平均UAS0.3和0.7百万,S−1分别遵循RCP4.5和RCP8.5情景。然而,由于阿蒙森海内部气候变率很大,直到2030年(2065年)左右,RCP8.5的响应才超过十年内部变率的一个(两)标准差(S)。在所有情景和季节中,模型的不确定性都很大。然而,今天整个南太平洋的气候纬向风偏差,这对热带遥相关很重要,与UAS预测变化的模式间差异密切相关(更熟练的模式显示UA增加更大)。这种关系在冬季(r=0.56)和春季(r=0.65)非常显著,因为众所周知,热带对阿蒙森海区的影响是重要的。水平网格间距和现在的海冰范围不是模型间扩散的重要来源。
The influence of changes in winds over the Amundsen Sea has been shown to be a potentially key mechanism in explaining rapid loss of ice from major glaciers in West Antarctica, which is having a significant impact on global sea level. Here, Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5 (CMIP5) climate model data are used to assess twenty-first century projections in westerly winds over the Amundsen Sea (UAS). The importance of model uncertainty and internal climate variability in RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenario projections are quantified and potential sources of model uncertainty are considered. For the decade 2090–2099 the CMIP5 models show an ensemble mean twenty-first century response in annual meanUASof 0.3 and 0.7 m s−1following the RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 scenarios respectively. However, as a consequence of large internal climate variability over the Amundsen Sea, it takes until around 2030 (2065) for the RCP8.5 response to exceed one (two) standard deviation(s) of decadal internal variability. In all scenarios and seasons the model uncertainty is large. However the present-day climatological zonal wind bias over the whole South Pacific, which is important for tropical teleconnections, is strongly related to inter-model differences in projected change inUAS(more skilful models show largerUASincreases). This relationship is significant in winter (r = −0.56) and spring (r = −0.65), when the influence of the tropics on the Amundsen Sea region is known to be important. Horizontal grid spacing and present day sea ice extent are not significant sources of inter-model spread.
DOI: 10.1002/joc.965
发表时间: 2004-01
期刊: International Journal of Climatology
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