The Verbal Plural Marker in Nobiin (Nile Nubian)
The Verbal Plural Marker in Nobiin (Nile Nubian)
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Nobiin（尼罗河努比亚语）中的言语复数标记
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发表时间：
2015
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通讯作者：
Nubantood Khalil
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作者：
Nubantood Khalil
本文讨论的是动词后缀-j。在他的书《语法》中，维尔纳使用了“复数对象扩展”一词，即复数对象扩展但这个词并不十分精确，因为除了标记及物从句中的复数宾语外，-j还有其他功能，包括标记不及物动词的复数主语，以及标记重复或强化的动作。这个后缀也有文化内涵。因此，为了不限制其功能，用“j后缀”这个简单的名词来代替复数宾语引申。本文共分为六个部分。在第二部分中，我将讨论语音变化，并研究-j的发音如何由于相邻辅音的同化而被修改。在第三部分中，我将考虑如何在及物和不及物从句中使用j后缀来标记参与人的复数。在第四部分中，我描述了如何使用j后缀来标记动词上的事件复数。第五部分探讨了j后缀在传承文化方面的具体功能。最后，在最后一节中添加了对调查结果的总结。这篇论文致力于研究-j的后缀，重点关注苏丹北部尼罗河谷的马哈斯方言，这一地区从现在的城市东古拉以北约45公里开始，一直向北延伸，直到第三大瀑布下游约65公里。第二节还提到了诺宾语的其他方言，即Sokkot和Halfa，以说明诺宾语的方言差异，这些方言差异与j后缀引发的语音变化有关。
This paper is concerned with the verbal suffix –j. In his book, Grammatik des Nobiin, Werner uses the term “Pluralobjekt-Erweiterung,” i.e. plural object extension.1 But this term is not quite precise because, apart from marking the plural object in the transitive clause, –j has additional functions including the marking of the plural subject of intransitive verbs as well as the marking of repeated or intensive actions. The suffix also has cultural connotations. Therefore, in order not to limit its function, the simple term “j-suffix” is used instead of plural object extension. This paper is arranged in six sections. In the second section, I discuss the phonological changes and I investigate how the pronunciation of –j is modified due to the assimilation of the adjacent consonants. In the third section I consider how the j-suffix is used to mark participant plurality in both transitive and intransitive clauses. In the fourth section I describe how the j-suffix is used to mark event plurality on verbs. In the fifth section, specific functions of the j-suffix, related to the inherited cultural aspects, are investigated. Finally a summary of findings is added in the last section. This paper is devoted to the suffixation of –j focusing on the dialect of Mahas which is spoken in the Nile Valley of northern Sudan in an area that begins approximately forty-five kilometres north of the contemporary city of Dongola and covers all the way northward until about sixty-five kilometres downstream the third cataract. Other Nobiin dialects, i.e. Sokkot and Halfa, are also mentioned in the second section to provide some illustrations of the dialectal differences in the Nobiin language which are related to the phonological changes triggered by the j-suffix.