Pandemic Response as Border Politics
Pandemic Response as Border Politics
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DOI：
10.1017/s0020818320000363
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发表时间：
2020-12-01
影响因子：
7.8
通讯作者：
Simmons, Beth A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kenwick, Michael R.;Simmons, Beth A.
流行病充满了边界政治。几个世纪以来，关闭边境和限制外国旅行者一直是各国应对全球卫生危机的最持久和最普遍的手段。这些政策无处不在，并不是由于它们在面对无数大流行威胁时的效用有任何明确的科学共识。相反，我们表明他们受到公众舆论和预先存在的承诺的影响，投资于国家努力控制其边界的象征和结构，我们称之为边界取向的概念。在2019冠状病毒病大流行之前，世界范围内的边境定向已经普遍上升。这一趋势使各国政府更容易通过将病毒外部化来“遏制”病毒，而不是采取代价高昂但最终更有效的国内缓解措施。我们认为，面对冠状病毒，普遍使用外部边境管制反映了现代国际体系中对边境安全的担忧日益加剧。在很大程度上，对边境安全的担忧已经成为国内政治的一种资源——这一发现对于设计和实施有效的公共卫生政策来说并不是一个好兆头。
Pandemics are imbued with the politics of bordering. For centuries, border closures and restrictions on foreign travelers have been the most persistent and pervasive means by which states have responded to global health crises. The ubiquity of these policies is not driven by any clear scientific consensus about their utility in the face of myriad pandemic threats. Instead, we show they are influenced by public opinion and preexisting commitments to invest in the symbols and structures of state efforts to control their borders, a concept we call border orientation. Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, border orientation was already generally on the rise worldwide. This trend has made it convenient for governments to "contain" the virus by externalizing it, rather than taking costly but ultimately more effective domestic mitigation measures. We argue that the pervasive use of external border controls in the face of the coronavirus reflects growing anxieties about border security in the modern international system. To a great extent, fears relating to border security have become a resource in domestic politics-a finding that does not bode well for designing and implementing effective public health policy.