Hydrothermal processing of algal biomass for the production of biofuels and chemicals
Hydrothermal processing of algal biomass for the production of biofuels and chemicals
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DOI：
10.4155/bfs.12.42
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发表时间：
2012-09
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
P. Biller;A. Ross
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
P. Biller;A. Ross
在过去十年中，在热液条件下处理藻类生物质的领域受到越来越多的关注。该方法已被确定为特别适合于高水分水生生物质，如微藻和大型藻类，因为生物质在热压缩水中作为浆料被湿处理。在较低温度下，水热处理导致生物质的碳化反应，并且主要产物是生物炭-所谓的水热碳化。在低于水临界点的中间温度下，该过程被称为水热液化，主要产品是生物原油。在临界点以上，气化反应占主导地位，并且主要产物是合成气。微藻被认为是第三代生物燃料的一个有前途的来源，因为它们的脂质含量高，生长速度快，而且没有粮食生产的竞争。大型藻类具有高碳水化合物含量，并且代表了用于生物能源和化学品的基本上未开发的生物质来源。本文综述了藻类生物质水热碳化、液化和气化的研究现状。讨论了多相和均相催化的效果、操作条件、能量平衡和养分循环。
The area of processing algal biomass under hydrothermal conditions has received increasing interest over the last decade. The process has been identified to be especially suited for high moisture aquatic biomass such as microalgae and macroalgae, as the biomass is processed wet as a slurry in hot-compressed water. At lower temperatures, hydrothermal processing leads to carbonization reactions of the biomass and the primary product is a biochar – so-called hydrothermal carbonization. At intermediate temperatures, below the critical point of water, the process is referred to as hydrothermal liquefaction and the primary product is a biocrude. Above the critical point, gasification reactions predominate and the primary product is a syngas. Microalgae are regarded as a promising source of third-generation biofuels due to their high lipid content, fast growth rates and the absence of competition for food production. Macroalgae have high carbohydrate content and represent a largely untapped source of biomass for bioenergy and chemicals. The scope of this review is to summarize the current state of research on the hydrothermal carbonization, liquefaction and gasification of algal biomass. The effect of heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis, operating conditions, energy balances and nutrient recycling are discussed.