Using citizen science data to support conservation in environmental regulatory contexts
Using citizen science data to support conservation in environmental regulatory contexts
复制标题
使用公民科学数据支持环境监管背景下的保护
DOI：
10.1016/j.biocon.2019.06.016
复制
发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Hollie Shaw
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Young;N. Dodge;P. Hunt;M. Ormes;M. D. Schlesinger;Hollie Shaw
在保护区之外，环境监管是保护濒危物种的重要政策工具。公民科学的一个未得到充分认识的潜力是，扩大监管审查中使用的地方数据库，为监管决策提供更大的确定性。为了描述当前在监管审查中使用公民科学数据的特点，我们调查了61个州和省级自然遗产项目，这些项目是在美国和加拿大进行实地调查并维护濒危物种数据库的机构。大多数(82%的美国和88%的加拿大)自然遗产项目参与监管审查，其中52%的美国和加拿大项目目前使用公民科学数据。EBird和iNaturist是最常用的方案。在纽约自然遗产项目数据库的测试案例中，包括6个濒危物种的eBird记录增加了这些物种已知利用的区域的数量和空间范围。尽管公民科学数据没有改变国家以下的保护类别，但它们有力地补充了专业野外生物学家收集的信息。在这方面使用公民科学数据面临的挑战包括在大多数记录属于普通物种时提取有关稀有物种的有用信息，以及以足够的空间精度和文件过滤记录。为了提高数据的实用性，公民科学计划的设计者应该鼓励他们的志愿者提供有用的辅助数据，如鸟类的繁殖活动，并使数据，包括敏感物种的数据，易于项目数据管理员访问。
Outside of protected areas, environmental regulation is a vital policy tool for conserving at-risk species. An underappreciated potential for citizen science is to augment locality databases used in regulatory review to provide greater certainty to regulatory decisions. To characterize current use of citizen science data in regulatory review, we surveyed 61 state and provincial natural heritage programs, agencies that perform field surveys and maintain databases of at-risk species in the United States and Canada. Most (82% of U.S. and 88% of Canadian) natural heritage programs participate in regulatory review, and of these 52% of the U.S. and all Canadian programs currently use citizen science data. eBird and iNaturalist are the most commonly used schemes. In a test case with the New York Natural Heritage Program's database, the inclusion of eBird records for 6 at-risk species increased the currency and the number and spatial extent of areas known to be utilized by these species. Although citizen science data did not change subnational conservation status categories, they demonstratively complemented information collected by professional field biologists. Challenges to using citizen science data in this context include extracting useful information on rare species when most records are of common species and filtering records with sufficient spatial precision and documentation. To enhance the utility of their data, designers of citizen science schemes should encourage their volunteers to provide useful ancillary data, such as breeding activity for birds, and making data, including for sensitive species, easy to access by program data managers.
影响因子：
5.9
作者：
Burgess, H. K.;DeBey, L. B.;Parrish, J. K.
通讯作者：
Parrish, J. K.