Assessing the Effect of Early Visual Cortex Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Working Memory Consolidation.
Assessing the Effect of Early Visual Cortex Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Working Memory Consolidation.
复制标题
评估早期视觉皮层经颅磁刺激对工作记忆巩固的影响。
DOI：
10.1162/jocn_a_01113
复制
发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Johnson,JeffreyS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
vanLamsweerde,AmandaE;Johnson,JeffreyS
维持视觉工作记忆（VWM）表征需要一个大脑区域网络，包括额叶、后顶叶和枕叶皮质；然而，在感觉编码完成后枕皮质参与VWM的程度尚不清楚。非侵入性脑刺激数据显示，该区域的刺激可以影响早期巩固时期的工作记忆（WM），但尚不清楚它是通过影响存储的项目数量还是它们的准确性来实现的。在这项研究中，我们研究了在VWM巩固过程中单脉冲经颅磁刺激（spTMS）是否会影响VWM表征的数量或质量。在三个实验中，我们用视觉面罩或spTMS来破坏早期视觉皮层的VWM巩固。我们发现，在刺激后200毫秒内，对VWM表征的数量有强大的掩蔽效应，而对WM质量的影响更小，更可变。同样，spTMS减少了VWM表征的数量，但仅在刺激抵消后立即应用时。与视觉掩模一样，spTMS对WM精度也产生了小而可变的影响。掩膜和经颅磁刺激的破坏作用在刺激抵消后200毫秒内都大大减少或完全消失。然而，交换率在所有时间间隔内都有所降低，这可能表明早期视觉皮层在维持空间信息方面发挥了持续的作用。
Maintaining visual working memory (VWM) representations recruits a network of brain regions, including the frontal, posterior parietal, and occipital cortices; however, it is unclear to what extent the occipital cortex is engaged in VWM after sensory encoding is completed. Noninvasive brain stimulation data show that stimulation of this region can affect working memory (WM) during the early consolidation time period, but it remains unclear whether it does so by influencing the number of items that are stored or their precision. In this study, we investigated whether single-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (spTMS) to the occipital cortex during VWM consolidation affects the quantity or quality of VWM representations. In three experiments, we disrupted VWM consolidation with either a visual mask or spTMS to retinotopic early visual cortex. We found robust masking effects on the quantity of VWM representations up to 200 msec poststimulus offset and smaller, more variable effects on WM quality. Similarly, spTMS decreased the quantity of VWM representations, but only when it was applied immediately following stimulus offset. Like visual masks, spTMS also produced small and variable effects on WM precision. The disruptive effects of both masks and TMS were greatly reduced or entirely absent within 200 msec of stimulus offset. However, there was a reduction in swap rate across all time intervals, which may indicate a sustained role of the early visual cortex in maintaining spatial information.