Fear of Crime in the United States: A Multivariate Analysis
Fear of Crime in the United States: A Multivariate Analysis
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美国对犯罪的恐惧：多元分析
DOI：
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发表时间：
1977
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. B. Kleiman
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. Clemente;M. B. Kleiman
在美国，对犯罪的恐惧已经成为一个和犯罪本身一样严重的问题。不少论者指出，恐惧与受害的客观可能性是极不相称的。但到目前为止，很少有多变量分析的犯罪恐惧已经进行。目前的研究朝着这个方向发展，结合和分析了1973年和1974年关于恐惧的两个国家样本（n = 2，700）。我们采用了五个变量的受害文学中心性别，种族，年龄，社会经济地位和社区规模。采用多变量名义量表分析（MNA）来评估每个变量预测受访者表示害怕犯罪（42%）和那些没有（58%/6）的独立能力。研究结果表明，性别和城市规模是恐惧的强有力的预测因素。年龄和种族的重要性比一般认为的要小，社会经济变量，收入和教育，影响很小。然而，仅仅根据这个解释变量系统，就有可能对整个样本中几乎72%的恐惧进行正确分类。这种高解释力的影响，以及分析的局限性，并进行了讨论。
Fear of crime in the United States has become a problem as serious as crime itself. Many commentators have pointed out that fear is greatly out of proportion to the objective probability of being victimized. But to date, few multivariate analyses of fear of crime have been undertaken. The present research moves in this direction by combining and analyzing two national samples from 1973 and 1974 in regard to fear (n = 2,700). We employed five variables central to the victimization literature-sex, race, age, socioeconomic status, and community size. Multivariate Nominal Scale Analysis (MNA) was employed to assess the independent ability of each variable to predict respondents who indicated a fear of crime (42 %) and those who did not (58 %/6). Findings indicated that sex and city size are strong predictors of fear. Age and race were somewhat less important than has generally been supposed and the socioeconomic variables, income and education, had small effects. Merely on the basis of this system of explanatory variables, however, it was possible to classify correctly almost 72 percent of the entire sample in regard to fear. Implications of this high explanatory power as well as limitations of the analysis are presented and discussed.