The Division of Labor: Conceptualization and Related Measures
The Division of Labor: Conceptualization and Related Measures
复制标题
分工：概念化及相关措施
DOI：
10.1093/sf/53.3.468
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发表时间：
1975
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
D. Poston
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Gibbs;D. Poston
劳动分工是指一个群体中的成员在维持生计活动方面的差异以及与此相关的功能相互依赖。有人建议，劳动分工的第一个维度，生计分化，可以测量的数据职业组成。提出并评价了六种替代措施。重点放在关注每个给予两个方面的生计分化：结构分化（类的数量）和分配分化（类之间的个人分布）。劳动分工的概念在社会科学中有一段奇怪的历史。根据亚当·斯密（1776）和埃米尔·涂尔干（1893）的经典研究，没有经济学家或社会学家会质疑这一现象的重要性。但是，由于这两部经典著作并没有产生一个可行的研究和理论传统，因此在劳动分工的概念化或测量方面几乎没有什么进展。(See最近的评论，
The division of labor refers to differences among members of a population in their sustenance activities and the related functional interdependence. It is proposed that the first dimension of the division of labor, sustenance differentiation, may be measured with data on occupational composition. Six alternative measures are presented and evaluated. Emphasis is placed on the attention each gives to the two aspects of sustenance differentiation: structural differentiation (number of classes) and distributive differentiation (distribution of individuals among the classes). The notion of a division of labor has had a strange history in the social sciences. In light of classical studies by Adam Smith (1776) and Emile Durkheim (1893), no economist or sociologist would question the importance of the phenomenon. But since these two classics did not engender a viable tradition of research and theory, there has been little progress in the conceptualization or measurement of the division of labor. (See the recent commentary by