The Tarim Basin, China, a prospect for plume-related Zr(Hf)-Nb(Ta)-REY-Ga-U mineralization
The Tarim Basin, China, a prospect for plume-related Zr(Hf)-Nb(Ta)-REY-Ga-U mineralization
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DOI：
10.1016/j.oregeorev.2021.104081
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发表时间：
2021-03
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
V. Nechaev;S. Dai;Lei Zhao;T. Moore;E. V. Nechaeva
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
V. Nechaev;S. Dai;Lei Zhao;T. Moore;E. V. Nechaeva
本研究基于塔里木大火成岩省和峨眉山大火成岩省（TLIP和ELIP）已发表的资料。利用充分研究过的ELIP的矿化作为参考，以比较的方式解释数据。本比较还包括俄罗斯远东地区有关铀和稀土碳酸盐矿石的一些额外资料。结果表明，塔里木盆地凝灰质Zr(Hf) -Nb (Ta) -REY-Ga-U矿具有正、负两方面指标。与ELIP一样，塔里木盆地的成矿源可能是二叠系火山碎屑沉积。塔里木盆地火山碎屑沉积地球化学研究尚不充分；然而，由于母岩浆岩的组成在TLIP和ELIP之间相似，火山碎屑物质也被认为是相似的。积极的迹象是，与ELIP的火山碎屑相比，lip的沉积物更大（体积上），更具长石性。此外，前者集中在一个几乎封闭的陆相盆地（塔里木盆地），而后者分布在广阔的大陆边缘。塔里木盆地古生代地层在断裂带内及周围蚀变较深，分布广泛。蚀变是由酸性火山流体引起的，酸性火山流体是金属运移和再分配的关键因素。然而，与ELIP地区相比，塔里木盆地受半干旱气候的影响，可能导致二叠纪火山碎屑地层沉积时大气水活动弱，植被发育不良，有机质含量相对较低（<5%，普遍<2%），不含煤层。这些可能被认为是凝灰质Zr(Hf) -Nb (Ta) -REY-Ga-U矿石的负面指标，因为有机酸可能在粘土蚀变岩石中富集Zr、Hf、Nb、Ta、REY、Ga和U的浸出、再分配和精加工过程中起重要作用。最后，塔里木盆地深断裂及其周围的二叠系凝灰质泥岩可能是地球化学找矿Zr(Hf) -Nb (Ta) -REY-Ga-U矿的潜在目标，与中国西南地区相似。此外，塔里木盆地的断裂带可能含有与俄罗斯远东滨海地区相似的稀土-碳酸盐岩和铀矿。
This study is based on published data from the Tarim and Emeishan Large Igneous Provinces (TLIP and ELIP, respectively). The data are interpreted in a comparative manner, using the well-studied ELIP’s mineralization as a reference. Some additional information on related U and REY-carbonate ores from Far Eastern Russia are also included in this comparison. The results show that the Tarim Basin has both positive and negative indicators for tuffaceous Zr(Hf)–Nb(Ta)–REY–Ga–U ores. Like in ELIP, the source of the mineralization in the Tarim Basin is likely to be the Permian volcaniclastic deposits. The volcaniclastic deposits in the Tarim are not well studied geochemically; however, since the composition of the parent magmatic rocks are similar between TLIP and ELIP, the volcaniclastic material is also thought to be similar. Positive indications are that the TLIP’s deposits are larger (volumetrically), more felsic than the ELIP’s volcaniclastics. In addition, the former are concentrated in an almost closed terrestrial basin (Tarim Basin), whereas the latter are disseminated throughout a wide continental margin. The Paleozoic strata of the Tarim Basin are deeply altered in and around fracture zones, which are widespread. The alteration is caused by acidic volcanic-related fluids that are a key factor in metal mobilization and redistribution. However, in contrast to the ELIP’s area, the Tarim Basin was under influence of semi-arid climate that probably resulted in a weak activity of meteoric waters and poorly developed vegetation during deposition of the Permian volcaniclastic strata, which have a relatively low content of organic matter (<5%, commonly <2%) and contain no coal seam. These may be considered negative indicators for tuffaceous Zr(Hf)–Nb(Ta)–REY–Ga–U ores because organic acids might play a significant role in the leaching, redistribution, and the finishing processes that concentrated Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta, REY, Ga, and U within rocks with clay alteration. Finally, the Permian tuffaceous mudstones located in and around deep faults of the Tarim Basin may be a likely target for geochemical prospecting for Zr(Hf)–Nb(Ta)–REY–Ga–U ores similar to those found in southwestern China. In addition, the fracture zones in the Tarim Basin are likely to contain REY-carbonate and U ores similar to those discovered in Primorye, the Far Eastern Russia.