Man's best friends: attitudes towards the use of different kinds of animal depend on belief in different species' mental capacities and purpose of use
Man's best friends: attitudes towards the use of different kinds of animal depend on belief in different species' mental capacities and purpose of use
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DOI：
10.1098/rsos.191162
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发表时间：
2020-02-26
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Cassaday, Helen J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Higgs, Matthew J.;Bipin, Sasha;Cassaday, Helen J.
动物目的问卷（APQ）是一种新的工具，可以系统地测量人类对动物使用的态度，包括物种和使用目的。这提供了一个更细粒度的方法来理解我们如何相信一个特定的动物的心理能力与（不）同意他们用于不同的人类目的。在本研究中，317名参与者完成了一项在线调查，其中包含APQ和动物思维（BAM）量表的信仰，以物种特定的格式，以测试预测与动物使用的（不）协议水平应反映参与者对动物感知的判断。与APQ获得的结果证实，动物使用的态度显着不同的目的和物种。主要的发现包括海豚和狗比黑猩猩更受关注（这表明系统发育位置不是对动物使用态度的唯一决定因素）。在所研究的目的中，受访者对动物使用基本上持否定态度，但如果这是用于医学研究，则分歧较小。参与者还被要求提供人口统计学细节，如性别和饮食偏好。回归分析显示，在五种不同的动物使用的物种特异性BAM的预测能力高。一般BAM评分、不吃肉和女性占APQ评分总变异的31.5%。结果表明，BAM是一个强有力的预测自我报告的态度，使用特定的动物。然而，结果显示，在典型的文化“生产”动物的情况下，一些例外。
The animal purpose questionnaire (APQ) is a new instrument to measure human attitudes to animal use systematically across both species and purpose of use. This offers a more fine-grained approach to our understanding of how the belief in a specific animal's mental capacities relates to (dis-)agreement with their use for different human purposes. In the present study, 317 participants completed an online survey containing the APQ and the belief in animal mind (BAM) scale in a species-specific format, to test the prediction that levels of (dis-)agreement with animal use should mirror participants' judgements of animal sentience. The results obtained with the APQ confirmed that attitudes to animal use differed significantly across both purpose and species. Key findings included a relatively greater concern for dolphins and dogs over chimpanzees (suggesting that phylogenetic position is not the only determinant of attitudes to animal use). Across the purposes examined, respondents were largely negative about animal usage, with the exception that there was less disagreement if this was for medical research. Participants were also asked to provide demographic details such as gender and dietary preference. Regression analyses revealed high predictive power for species-specific BAM across five different kinds of animal use. General BAM scores, non-meat-eating and being female accounted for 31.5% of the total variability in APQ scores. The results indicate that BAM is a strong predictor of self-reported attitudes for using particular animals. However, the results showed some exceptions in the case of culturally typical 'produce' animals.