Essential values of cocaine and non-drug alternatives predict the choice between them.
Essential values of cocaine and non-drug alternatives predict the choice between them.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/adb.12450
复制
发表时间：
2017-11
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Silberberg A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kearns DN;Kim JS;Tunstall BJ;Silberberg A
这项研究调查了大鼠的强化物价值与可卡因和两种非药物替代强化物之间的选择之间的关系。静脉注射可卡因和食物（实验 1）或糖精（实验 2）的基本价值（基于需求弹性的行为经济指标）在每个实验的第一阶段确定。食物的必需价值高于可卡因，而可卡因和糖精的必需价值没有差异。在每个实验的第二阶段，老鼠被允许在可卡因和非药物替代强化剂之间做出相互排斥的选择。主要发现是，可卡因的基本价值是可卡因偏好的正向预测因子，而食物或糖精的基本价值是可卡因偏好的负向预测因子。对会话内选择行为模式的分析揭示了顺序依赖性，即在先前的试验中选择非药物替代品后，老鼠更有可能在特定的试验中选择可卡因。当选择之间的时间增加时，这些顺序依赖性就消失了。这些实验的结果与以下建议一致：成瘾样行为涉及药物强化剂的高估和非药物强化剂的低估。
This study investigated the relationship between reinforcer value and choice between cocaine and two non-drug alternative reinforcers in rats. The essential value (a behavioral economic measure based on elasticity of demand) of intravenous cocaine and food (Experiment 1) or saccharin (Experiment 2) was determined in the first phase of each experiment. Food had higher essential value than cocaine, whereas the essential values of cocaine and saccharin did not differ. In the second phase of each experiment, rats were allowed to make mutually exclusive choices between cocaine and the non-drug alternative reinforcer. The main findings were that the essential value of cocaine was a positive predictor of cocaine preference and the essential value of food or saccharin was a negative predictor of cocaine preference. An analysis of within-session patterns of choice behavior revealed sequential dependencies, whereby rats were more likely to choose cocaine on a particular trial after having chosen the non-drug alternative on previous trials. When the time between choices was increased, these sequential dependencies disappeared. The results of these experiments are consistent with the suggestion that addiction-like behavior involves both overvaluation of drug reinforcers and undervaluation of non-drug reinforcers.