Plain language summaries of publications of company-sponsored medical research: what key questions do we need to address?
Plain language summaries of publications of company-sponsored medical research: what key questions do we need to address?
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DOI：
10.1080/03007995.2021.1997221
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发表时间：
2021-11-04
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Matheis, Robert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lobban, Dawn;Gardner, Jason;Matheis, Robert
简单的语言总结你需要知道什么？简明语言摘要（简称PLS）以清晰易懂的方式解释医学研究。我们找到了改进PLS开发的方法，以帮助人们理解医学研究出版物。PLS图形见附加文件1。我们为什么要做这项研究？许多人很难理解医学研究，因为作者在研究出版物中使用复杂的词汇。目前，PLS在风格和格式上各不相同，大多数研究出版物都没有PLS。我们做了什麽？我们邀请了29位来自开发、出版、阅读或资助PLS的不同组织的专家参加这项研究。我们询问他们认为哪些问题阻碍了研究出版物进行PLS，以及我们如何解决这些问题。我们发现了什么？大多数小组同意我们需要考虑的10个问题，以改进PLS，使更多的出版物有PLS。有几种方法可以改进PLS的开发。迫切需要关于哪些出版物应具有PLS以及它们应包括哪些内容的准则。认为PLS重要的人需要要求他们帮助确保他们定期被纳入研究出版物。我们还需要明确的方式来分享PLS，以便对医学研究感兴趣的人可以找到并阅读它们。目标我们旨在收集多个利益相关者对与公司赞助的医学研究的简明语言摘要（PLS）相关的关键问题的见解，为未来的行业认可指南提供信息。方法我们确定了不同的利益相关者的专业知识，熟悉PLS，和地理位置的基础上。一个在PLS方面具有广泛专门知识的工作组（n = 11）编制了一份初步清单，其中列有与PLS有关的14个问题，并与利益攸关方分享。我们使用了一种改进的德尔菲方法来确定10个关键问题的优先级，然后将其用于组织利益相关者的讨论，以收集关于关键挑战和机遇的证据，为PLS的最佳实践提供信息。总体而言，29个利益相关者参加了这项研究，代表不同的专业部门和地理位置。利益攸关方在PLS的优先问题上有很强的一致性，两次调查的答复率都很高（69%和90%）。27/29个利益攸关方参加了主持的在线会议，并强调了提高PLS采用率的机会：制定全行业PLS准则将有助于界定和保持质量，包括明确指示出版物何时应具有PLS;需要对目标受众进行进一步宣传，以确保PLS成为公司赞助的研究出版物的一个既定组成部分;一个可搜索的资料库可促进PLS的可检索性和向多个目标受众的广泛传播。利益相关者确定的关键问题提供了广泛的见解，真实的和感知的障碍，PLS吸收。每一个新出现的主题都提出了一个可能的行动，可以加速PLS的吸收，并促进与外行观众分享新的医学研究。
PLAIN LANGUAGE SUMMARY What do you need to know? Plain language summaries (PLS for short) explain medical research in a clear and understandable way. We found ways to improve how PLS are developed to help people understand medical research publications. See Additional file 1 for a graphic PLS. Why did we do this study? Many people struggle to understand medical research because authors use complex words in research publications. Currently, PLS vary in style and format and most research publications do not have a PLS. What did we do? We invited 29 experts from various organizations who develop, publish, read, or fund PLS to take part in this study. We asked them what issues they thought are preventing research publications from having a PLS, and how we could solve these issues. What did we find? Most groups agreed on the top 10 issues we need to look at to improve PLS so that more publications have a PLS. There are several ways to improve how PLS are developed. Guidelines on which publications should have a PLS and what they should include are urgently needed. People who think PLS are important need to request them to help make sure they are regularly included in research publications. We also need clear ways to share PLS, so people with an interest in medical research can find and read them.Objectives We aimed to gather multi-stakeholder insights on key issues relating to plain language summaries (PLS) of company-sponsored medical research to inform future industry recognized guidelines. Methods We identified diverse stakeholders based on expertise, familiarity with PLS, and geographical location. A Working Group (n = 11) with extensive expertise in PLS developed an initial list of 14 questions relating to PLS, which were shared with stakeholders. We used a modified Delphi approach to prioritize the 10 key questions that were then used to structure stakeholder discussions to collect evidence on the key challenges and opportunities to inform best practice for PLS. Results Overall, 29 stakeholders took part in the study, representing different professional sectors and geographies. There was strong alignment among stakeholders on the priority questions for PLS, with high response rates for both surveys (69% and 90%). Moderated online sessions were attended by 27/29 stakeholders and opportunities to improve PLS uptake were highlighted: developing industry-wide PLS guidelines would help define and maintain quality, including having a clear directive for when publications should have a PLS; further advocacy is needed by target audiences to ensure PLS become an established part of company-sponsored research publications; a searchable repository could facilitate discoverability and broad dissemination of PLS to multiple target audiences. Conclusions Key issues identified by stakeholders provide broad insights into the real and perceived barriers relating to PLS uptake. Each emerging theme presents a possible action that could accelerate PLS uptake and facilitate sharing of new medical research with lay audiences.