Ecology and Ontogenetic Variation of Diet in the Pigmy Short-Horned Lizard (Phrynosoma Douglasii)
Ecology and Ontogenetic Variation of Diet in the Pigmy Short-Horned Lizard (Phrynosoma Douglasii)
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侏儒短角蜥蜴 (Phrynosoma Douglasii) 饮食的生态学和个体发育变异
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发表时间：
2008
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Daniel D. Beck
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Megan E. Lahti;Daniel D. Beck
摘要到目前为止，侏儒短角蜥蜴(Phrynosoma Doutarsii)的食性尚不清楚。我们报告了猪短角蜥蜴的饮食，以确定它是表现出更普遍的饮食，类似于其他短角蜥蜴，还是主要由蚂蚁组成的更特殊的饮食。我们比较了栖息地变量和年龄/性别类别之间的饮食差异。我们还比较了不同年龄/性别类别的蚂蚁头部胶囊的摄入量，以确定蜥蜴群体是否摄取不同大小和多样性的蚂蚁，这些蚂蚁与它们的身体大小成正比。与其他短角蜥蜴类似，杜氏短角蜥蜴消耗的蚂蚁比例(71%)低于高度食粉的角蜥蜴物种，其次是鹅卵石(13%)和鞘翅目昆虫(11%)。除了地形，饮食在所有测量的栖息地变量中都有所不同，但特别是在年龄和性别类别之间；新生儿几乎完全以蚂蚁为食(89%)，而成年蚂蚁吃得更少(72%)，一周岁的婴儿吃蚂蚁的比例最低(60%)。大多数成年人食用的蚂蚁代表一个蚂蚁属(Camponotus)，而一周岁的蚂蚁和新生蚂蚁则消费多个较小的蚂蚁属(Camponotus、Pheidole、Tetramum)。我们发现蜥蜴的SVL与食物中蚂蚁头部的大小呈显著正相关。这些结果对于了解侏儒短角蜥蜴的食物和生态变化，以及解决其他食虫沙蜥，特别是角蜥蜴的觅食和饮食问题，都是重要的。
ABSTRACT To date, the diet of the pigmy short-horned lizard (Phrynosoma douglasii) is not known. We report the diet of the pigmy short-horned lizard to determine whether it shows a more generalized diet, similar to other short-horned lizards or a more specialized diet consisting primarily of ants. We compare variation in diet among habitat variables and age/sex classes. We also compare ant head capsules consumed among age/sex classes to determine if lizard groups consume ants of varying size and diversity proportional to their body sizes. Similar to other short-horned lizards, P. douglasii consumes relatively lower proportions of ants (71%) than highly myrmecophagous horned lizard species, followed by pebbles (13%) and Coleopteran insects (11%). Aside from terrain, diet varies among all habitat variables measured, but especially among age and sex classes; neonates feed almost exclusively on ants (89%) while adults consume fewer ants (72%) and yearlings consume the lowest proportion of ants (60%). Most ants consumed by adults represent a single ant genus (Camponotus), while yearlings and neonates consume multiple ant genera of smaller sizes (Camponotus, Pheidole, Tetramorium). We found a significant positive correlation between lizard SVL and the size of ant heads in the diet of P. douglasii. These results are important in understanding variation in diet and ecology of the pigmy short-horned lizard and also in addressing foraging and diet in other insectivorous Phrynosomatid lizards, particularly horned lizards.