Anchoring tools to communities: insights into perceptions of flood informational tools from a flood-prone community in Louisiana, USA
Anchoring tools to communities: insights into perceptions of flood informational tools from a flood-prone community in Louisiana, USA
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DOI：
10.3389/frwa.2023.1087076
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发表时间：
2023-07
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
E. Habib;B. Miles;L. Skilton;Mohamed Elsaadani;A. Osland;Emma Willis;Robert Miller;Trung Do;Stephen R. Barnes
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Habib;B. Miles;L. Skilton;Mohamed Elsaadani;A. Osland;Emma Willis;Robert Miller;Trung Do;Stephen R. Barnes
缺乏与社区相关的洪水信息资源和工具往往导致对洪水风险的理解不充分和分歧，并可能阻碍社区在面对日益增加的洪水威胁时团结运作的能力。目前的研究报告了作者在洪水易发社区内与不同群体（市民、城市工程师和规划师、房地产经纪人和建筑商以及媒体代表）进行的一系列研讨会，以评估包括水动力学建模、地理空间可视化和社会经济分析在内的新型水文信息工具如何增强对洪水风险的理解，并在不同社区成员中参与洪水风险缓解。这些讲习班旨在帮助确定利益相关者对减少洪水风险的综合水文信息技术和社会经济分析所需的关键功能的偏好。讲习班参与者被要求使用和评论洪水风险信息工具的原型示例，例如：(1)洪水损害估计工具，(2)可驾驶性和应急可达性工具，以及(3)社区规模的社会和经济指标工具。从研讨会收集的数据采用基于扎根理论的定性分析方法进行分析。数据是根据研究小组确定的主题手工编码的，并纳入了偏差案例分析，以确保少数人的意见得到体现。研究结果集中在以下主要主题以及洪水工具如何解决这些主题：(1)提高对洪水风险的理解和参与洪水风险缓解；(2)缩小个人和社区风险之间的差距；(3)沟通洪水风险信息的挑战；(4)增强社区的相关性和参与度；(5)实现可操作的信息。我们的研究表明，需要以社区为基础的工具和技术，这些工具和技术可以说明当地情况，包括当地历史和模拟事件在多个层面上对社区的影响，使洪水专业人员能够进行分析，同时也为公民提供简化的工具，并允许个人将他们的知识扩展到他们的家庭、企业和工作场所之外。
The lack of community-relevant flood informational resources and tools often results in inadequate and divergent understandings of flood risk and can impede communities' ability to function cohesively in the face of increasing flood threats. The current study reports on a set of workshops that the authors conducted with various groups (citizens, city engineers and planners, realtors and builders, and media representatives) within a flood prone community to evaluate how novel hydroinformatic tools that include hydrodynamic modeling, geospatial visualization, and socioeconomic analysis can enhance understanding of flood risk and engagement in flood risk mitigation among diverse community members. The workshops were designed to help identify stakeholder preferences regarding key functionality needed for integrated hydroinformatic technologies and socioeconomic analyses for flood risk reduction. Workshop participants were asked to use and comment on examples of prototype flood risk informational tools, such as: (1) flood damage estimation tool, (2) drivability and emergency accessibility tool, and (3) community-scale social and economic metrics tool. Data gathered from workshops were analyzed using qualitative analysis based on a grounded-theory approach. Data were coded by hand based on themes identified by the research team and incorporated deviant case analysis to ensure minority opinions was represented. The study results are focused on the following main themes and how flood tools can address them: (1) improving the understanding of flood risk and engagement in flood risk mitigation, (2) reducing the gap between individual and community risk, (3) challenges in communicating flood risk information, (4) enhancing relevance to and engagement of the community, and (5) enabling actionable information. Our research demonstrates the need for community-anchored tools and technologies that can illustrate local context, include local historical and simulated events at multiple levels of community impact, enable analyses by flood professionals while also providing simplified tools of use by citizens, and allow individuals to expand their knowledge beyond their homes, businesses, and places of work.