Energy Efficient Medium Access Protocol for Wireless Medical Body Area Sensor Networks
Energy Efficient Medium Access Protocol for Wireless Medical Body Area Sensor Networks
复制标题
DOI：
10.1109/tbcas.2008.2003431
复制
发表时间：
2008-12-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Toumazou, Christofer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Omeni, Okundu;Wong, Alan Chi Wai;Toumazou, Christofer
本文提出了一种新的节能MAC协议，专为无线身体区域传感器网络（WBASN）设计，专注于普及医疗保健应用。无线身体区域网络由连接在人体上的无线传感器节点组成，用于监测体温、活动或心率等生命体征。该网络采用主从架构，身体磨损的从节点定期向中心主节点发送传感器读数。与传统的点对点无线传感器网络不同，这种生物医学无线basn中的节点不是以一种特别的方式部署的。加入网络是集中管理的，所有通信都是单跳的。为了降低能耗，所有传感器节点都处于待机或休眠状态，直到集中分配的时间段。一旦节点加入网络，集群内就不可能发生冲突，因为所有通信都是由中心节点发起的，并且唯一地向从节点发送地址。为了避免与附近发射机发生冲突，采用了一种基于标准先听后发射（LBT）的清晰信道评估算法。为了处理时隙重叠，引入了唤醒回退时间的新概念。与802.11或Zigbee等更“灵活”的网络MAC协议相比，使用单跳通信和集中控制睡眠/唤醒时间可以显著降低该应用程序的能耗。随着占空比的减小，总功耗接近待机功耗。该协议在硬件上实现，作为senum （TM）片上系统WBASN ASIC的一部分，采用0.13 μ m CMOS工艺。
This paper presents a novel energy-efficient MAC Protocol designed specifically for wireless body area sensor networks (WBASN) focused towards pervasive healthcare applications. Wireless body area networks consist of wireless sensor nodes attached to the human body to monitor vital signs such as body temperature, activity or heart-rate. The network adopts a master-slave architecture, where the body-worn slave node periodically sends sensor readings to a central master node. Unlike traditional peer-to-peer wireless sensor networks, the nodes in this biomedical WBASN are not deployed in an ad hoc fashion. Joining a network is centrally managed and all communications are single-hop. To reduce energy consumption, all the sensor nodes are in standby or sleep mode until the centrally assigned time slot. Once a node has joined a network, there is no possibility of collision within a cluster as all communication is initiated by the central node and is addressed uniquely to a slave node. To avoid collisions with nearby transmitters, a clear channel assessment algorithm based on standard listen-before-transmit (LBT) is used. To handle time slot overlaps, the novel concept of a wakeup fallback time is introduced. Using single-hop communication and centrally controlled sleep/wakeup times leads to significant energy reductions for this application compared to more "flexible" network MAC protocols such as 802.11 or Zigbee. As duty cycle is reduced, the overall power consumption approaches the standby power. The protocol is implemented in hardware as part of the Sensium (TM) system-on-chip WBASN ASIC, in a 0.13-mu m CMOS process.