Effects of lead on the endocrine system in lead smelter workers
Effects of lead on the endocrine system in lead smelter workers
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DOI：
10.1080/00039890109604481
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发表时间：
2001-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Börjesson, J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Erfurth, EM;Gerhardsson, L;Börjesson, J
在这项研究中，铅对内分泌系统的影响，77个二级铅冶炼厂工人（即，62名在职人员和15名退休人员）与26名参考人进行了比较。用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定血浆中的铅浓度（即，最近暴露指数）、血液中的原子吸收分光光度法以及指骨中的K x射线荧光技术（即，长期暴露指数）。另外，用荧光免疫法测定血清垂体激素，用放射免疫法测定血清甲状腺激素和睾酮。9铅工人和11个参考的挑战与促性腺激素释放激素和促甲状腺激素释放激素，然后通过测量刺激垂体激素水平的血清。血浆中铅的中位数水平在活跃的铅工人中为0.14 mug/dl（范围= 0.04-3.7 mug/dl），在退休的铅工人中为0.08 mug/dl（范围= 0.05-0.4 mug/dl），在参考者中为0.03 mug/dl（范围= 0.02-0.04 mug/dl）（1 mug/dl = 48.3 nmol/l）。相应的血铅浓度分别为33.2 mug/dl（范围= 8.3-93.2 mug/dl）、18.6 mug/dl（范围= 10.4-49.7 mug/dl）和4.1 mug/dl（范围= 0.8-6.2 mug/dl）。骨铅水平分别为21 mug/gm（范围= -13至99 mug/gm）、55 mug/gm（范围= 3-88 mug/gm）和2 mug/gm（范围= -21至14 mug/gm）。基础血清激素浓度（即，游离甲状腺激素、促甲状腺激素、性激素结合球蛋白和睾酮）在3组中相似。本文所提到的激素与血浆、血铅和骨铅水平之间没有显著关联。在激发试验中，刺激卵泡刺激素水平显着低于铅工人（p = 0.014）比参照，表明铅在垂体水平的影响。此外，有一个趋势，对较低的基础刺激卵泡刺激素浓度的铅工人（p = 0.08）。然而，这种效应与血浆水平、血铅水平或骨铅水平无关。总之，中度铅暴露仅与男性内分泌功能的微小变化有关，特别是影响下丘脑-垂体轴。鉴于未研究精子参数，作者无法得出有关生育后果的结论。
In this study of the effects of lead on the endocrine system, 77 secondary lead-smelter workers (i.e., 62 active and 15 retired) were compared with 26 referents. Lead concentrations were determined in plasma with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (i.e., index of recent exposure), in blood with atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and in fingerbone with K x-ray fluorescence technique (i.e., index of long-term exposure). In addition, pituitary hormones were determined in serum by fluoroimmunoassay, and thyroid hormones and testosterone in serum were determined with radioimmunoassay. Nine lead workers and 11 referents were challenged with gonadotrophin-releasing hormone and thyrotrophin-releasing hormone, followed by measurements of stimulated pituitary hormone levels in serum. Median levels of lead in plasma were 0.14 mug/dl (range = 0.04-3.7 mug/dl) in active lead workers, 0.08 mug/dl (range = 0.05-0.4 mug/dl) in retired lead workers, and 0.03 mug/dl (range = 0.02-0.04 mug/dl) in referents (I mug/dl = 48.3 nmol/l). Corresponding blood lead concentrations were 33.2 mug/dl (range = 8.3-93.2 mug/dl), 18.6 mug/dl (range = 10.4-49.7 mug/dl), and 4.1 mug/dl (range 0.8-6.2 mug/dl), respectively. Respective bone lead levels were 21 mug/gm (range = -13 to 99 mug/gm), 55 mug/gm (range = 3-88 mug/gm), and 2 mug/gm (range = -21 to 14 mug/gm). Concentrations of basal serum hormone (i.e., free thyroid hormones, thyrotrophin, sex hormone binding globulin, and testosterone) were similar in the 3 groups. There were no significant associations between the hormones mentioned herein and blood plasma, blood lead, and bone lead levels. In the challenge test, stimulated follicle-stimulating hormone levels were significantly lower in lead workers (p = .014) than in referents, indicating an effect of lead at the pituitary level. Also, there was a tendency toward lower basal stimulated follicle-stimulating hormone concentrations in lead workers (p = .08). This effect, however, was not associated with blood plasma level, blood lead level, or bone lead level. In conclusion, a moderate exposure to lead was associated with only minor changes in the male endocrine function, particularly affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary axis. Given that sperm parameters were not studied, the authors could not draw conclusions about fertility consequences.