GROWTH OF ALIMENTARY TRACT OF FOWL AND GOOSE
GROWTH OF ALIMENTARY TRACT OF FOWL AND GOOSE
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DOI：
10.1017/s0021859600010108
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发表时间：
1962-01-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
COATES, JI
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HALLSWORTH, EG;COATES, JI
本文对鹅、鸡消化道各部分的内容积进行了研究。结果表明，成年鹅的体重虽为成年鸡的2 ~ 3倍，但其平均总肠容量（不包括胃）却比成年鸡的小，砂囊虽比成年鸡重得多，但其肠容量与体重的比例仅为成年鸡的一半，盲肠则相对较小。鹅的食道膨胀，取代了家禽的庄稼，相对于体重来说一直都很小。雏鹅和雏鹅的消化道容量在开始摄食时迅速增加，在孵化后的1周内达到最大值。16周龄时，消化道容量与体重的关系与成年时几乎相同。在两者中，小肠构成成人体积的主要比例，在家禽中为33-40%，在鹅中超过50%。饲喂含21%粗纤维并补充普鲁卡因青霉素G的饲料可产生相对较大的肠道容量的雏鸡，同时加入普鲁卡因青霉素G可增强这种效果，但当纤维减少至17.4%时，肠道容量与体重相比与对照组无显著差异。对不同饮食饲养的鸡的肠壁进行组织学检查显示，高纤维饮食有明显的磨损，接受抗生素的鸡的肠壁薄得多。
A study was made of the internal volume of the different parts of the alimentary tract of geese and fowl. It was shown that although adult geese were 2 or 3 times as heavy as the adult fowls, the mean total gut capacity, exclusive of the crop, was proportionately less. Although the gizzard was much greater in weight than in the fowl, its capacity in proportion to body weight is only half that of the fowl, while the caeca are relatively even smaller. The distended esophagus of the goose, which replaces the crop of the fowl, was at all times smaller relative to body weight. The gut capacities of both chicks and goslings increased rapidly when they began to feed, and reached a maximum, relative to body weight, within the 1st fortnight after hatching. At 16 weeks, the capacity of the alimentary canal had almost the same relation to body weight as in the adult. In both, the small intestine constitutes the major proportion of the volume in the adult, being 33-40% in the fowl and more than 50% in the goose. Feeding a diet containing 21% crude fiber and supplemented with procaine penicillin G produced chicks with relatively greater gut capacities, and this effect was enhanced by the concurrent inclusion of procaine penicillin G, but where the fiber was reduced to 17.4%, the gut capacities were not significantly different, in relation to body weight, than in the control group. Histological examination of the wall of the gut of chickens raised on different diets showed marked abrasion on high-fiber diets, and a much thinner intestinal wall in those birds receiving antibiotics.