EMG, MUSCLE-FIBER AND FORCE PRODUCTION CHARACTERISTICS DURING A 1-YEAR TRAINING PERIOD IN ELITE WEIGHT-LIFTERS
EMG, MUSCLE-FIBER AND FORCE PRODUCTION CHARACTERISTICS DURING A 1-YEAR TRAINING PERIOD IN ELITE WEIGHT-LIFTERS
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DOI：
10.1007/bf00417769
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发表时间：
1987-01-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
KAUHANEN, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HAKKINEN, K;KOMI, PV;KAUHANEN, H
通过对13名优秀举重运动员进行为期一年的训练，定期测试其肌电、肌纤维和力量产生特性。腿部伸肌的最大等长肌力从4841 . ±. 1104到5010 .+-. 1012年，发生了。力-速度曲线中高力量部分的个体变化与举重成绩的变化相关（p < 0.05-0.01）。训练第5-8个月的特征在于最低的平均训练强度（77.1 ± 2.0%），这导致肌肉的最大神经激活（IEMG）显著（p < 0.05）降低，而最后四个月期间，平均训练强度仅略高（79.1 ± 2.0%）。3.0%），导致最大IEMG显著增加（p < 0.01）。在这两个训练周期之间，个体训练强度的增加与个体肌肉力量（p < 0.05）和挺举重量（p < 0.05）的增加相关。一个非显着增加3.9%的总平均肌纤维面积发生了一年。目前的研究结果表明，在精英力量运动员的力量发展的潜力有限，并建议在他们的训练过程中的神经肌肉系统的神经和肥大的适应的幅度和时间过程可能不同于以前未经训练的科目。研究结果还表明，训练强度的重要性，修改精英力量运动员的训练反应。
The effects of a 1 year training period on 13 elite weight-lifters were investigated by periodical tests of electromyographic, muscle fibre and force production characteristics. A statistically non-significant increase of 3.5% in maximal isometric strength of the leg extensors, from 4841 .+-. 1104 to 5010 .+-. 1012 N, occurred over the year. Individual changes in the high force portions of the force-velocity curve correlated (p < 0.05-0.01) with changes in weight-lifting performance. Training months 5-8 were characterized by the lowest average training intensity (77.1 + 2.0%), and this resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in maximal neural activation (IEMG) of the muscles, while the last four month period, with only a slightly higher average training intensity (79.1 .+-. 3.0%), led to a significant (p < 0.01) increase in maximum IEMG. Individual increases in training intensity between these two training periods correlated with individual increases both in muscular strength (p < 0.05) and in the weight lifted in the clean and jerk (p < 0.05). A non-significant increase of 3.9% in total mean muscle fibre area occurred over the year. The present findings demonstrate the limited potential for strength development in elite strength athletes, and suggest that the magnitudes and time courses of neural and hypertrophic adaptations in the neuromuscular system during their training may differ from those reported for previously untrained subjects. The findings additionally indicate the importance of training intensity for modifying training responses in elite strength athletes.