Sustainable Living and Urban Density: The Choices are Wide Open
Sustainable Living and Urban Density: The Choices are Wide Open
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.egypro.2016.06.020
复制
发表时间：
2016-06
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Cheshmehzangi;C. Butters
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Cheshmehzangi;C. Butters
快速的城市化，特别是在发展中国家，意味着世界范围内居住低层住宅的传统正在让位于城市公寓的生活。这意味着巨大的环境和社会文化变化。在可持续性方面，密集城市提供了一些优势，包括有效的土地利用和交通系统。但这种城市化也有许多可能的负面影响，尤其是对低收入群体而言。一个普遍的模式是高层城市“超级街区”。其理由通常被认为是需要在非常紧凑的城市中容纳许多人。这个论点并不严格正确。同样高的人口密度可以通过几种方式实现，包括相当低的楼层，具有相同的能源效率以及环境和社会质量。我们探索这些选择，并评估未来城市住宅区可持续生活的选择。生命周期分析通常应用于单个建筑，但很少应用于整体城市发展。我们建议，在决定选择哪种城市形态时，需要考虑一些重要的“新”因素。特别是，与低密度选择相比，高层建筑在具体能源、经常性成本、灵活性和后期使用方面具有影响，迄今为止在研究文献中很少讨论这些问题。
Rapid urbanization, especially in developing countries, means that the worldwide tradition of living in low-rise housing is giving way to life in urban apartments. This implies huge environmental and sociocultural changes. For sustainability, dense cities offer some advantages, including efficient land use and transport systems. But there are also many possible negatives of such urbanization, and particularly for lower income groups.A widespread model is high-rise urban “superblocks”. The reasoning is often said to be the need to house many people in very compact cities. This argument is not strictly true. Equally high population densities can be achieved in several ways, including quite low-rise, with equal energy efficiency as well as environmental and social qualities. We explore these choices and assess options for sustainable living in future urban residential areas.Life cycle analysis is often applied to individual buildings but less often to urban development seen as a whole. We suggest some important “new” considerations need to be taken into account in deciding which urban forms to choose. In particular, high-rise as compared to low-dense options have implications as regards embodied energy, recurrent costs, flexibility and post use, which have to date been little discussed in the research literature.