Infants' Listening Preferences: Baby Talk or Happy Talk?
Infants' Listening Preferences: Baby Talk or Happy Talk?
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DOI：
10.1207/s15327078in0303_5
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发表时间：
2002-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Best, Catherine T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Singh, Leher;Morgan, James L.;Best, Catherine T.
关于婴儿听力偏好的最有力的发现被广泛描述为对儿语（BT）的偏好超过成人引导语音（ADS）。尽管 BT 的韵律修饰特征也传达了积极的情感，但 BT 和 ADS 语音语域之间的情感差异在之前的研究中尚未得到控制。这组实验试图通过独立操纵情感和言语记录来阐明 6 个月大的孩子听力偏好的基础。当情感保持不变时，没有观察到对任何言语记录的偏好。此外，当 ADS 刺激比 BT 刺激呈现出更积极的情感时，婴儿的偏好会跟随积极的情感。尽管音调特征可能会调节基于情感的偏好，但更高且更可变的音调对于确定婴儿的偏好既不是必要的也不是充分的。因此，BT 偏好可归因于对能够传递相对积极影响的语音的更普遍的偏好，这种偏好可能归因于语言机会主义地利用的预先存在的通用机制。
The most robust finding on infants' listening preferences has been widely characterized as a preference for baby talk (BT) over adult-directed speech (ADS). Although prosodic modifications characteristic of BT also convey positive affect, differences in affect across BT and ADS speech registers have not been controlled in previous studies. This set of experiments sought to elucidate the basis for 6-month-olds' listening preference by independently manipulating affect and speech register. When affect was held constant, no preference for any speech register was observed. Moreover, when ADS stimuli presented more positive affect than BT stimuli, infants' preferences followed the positive affect. Higher and more variable pitch was neither necessary nor sufficient for determining infants' preferences, although pitch characteristics may modulate affect-based preferences. The BT preference is thus attributable to a more general preference for speech that imparts relatively positive affect, a preference perhaps ascribable to a preexisting general-purpose mechanism opportunistically exploited by language.