Motivating autistic children.
Motivating autistic children.
复制标题
激励自闭症儿童。
DOI：
10.1037//0021-843x.88.4.418
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发表时间：
1979
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
A. L. Egel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
R. Koegel;A. L. Egel
自闭症领域遇到的一个主要问题是儿童缺乏动力的特征。当自闭症儿童试图完成学习任务时，这个问题尤其明显。本研究的目的是探讨正确和不正确的任务完成对儿童对这些任务的反应动机的影响。Ss是3个自闭症儿童，年龄分别为6岁1个月、11岁11个月和12岁3个月。研究结果表明，当Ss处理他们通常不正确的任务时，他们完成这些任务的动机会下降到极低的水平。然而，设计治疗程序，促使学生继续做出反应，直到他们正确完成任务，有助于增加学生对这些任务做出反应的动机。这些发现的含义是：(a)自闭症儿童的学习障碍（通常导致低水平的正确反应）可能导致尝试回应的奖励很少或不一致，从而降低了儿童的动机；(b)旨在让孩子们在正确完成任务之前保持反应的治疗程序可能会导致毅力的巧合强化，增加孩子们对这些任务做出反应的动机。结果讨论了有关习得性无助的文献。（22 ref）（PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA，版权所有）
A major problem encountered in the field of autism is the children's characteristic lack of motivation. This problem is especially apparent when autistic children attempt to complete learning tasks. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of correct vs incorrect task completion on children's motivation to respond to such tasks. Ss were 3 autistic children aged 6 yrs 1 mo, 11 yrs 11 mo, and 12 yrs 3 mo. Results demonstrate that when Ss worked on tasks at which they were typically incorrect, their motivation for those tasks decreased to extremely low levels. However, designing treatment procedures to prompt Ss to keep responding until they completed the tasks correctly served to increase Ss' motivation to respond to those tasks. The implications of these findings are that (a) autistic children's learning handicaps (which typically lead to low levels of correct responding) may result in few or inconsistent rewards for attempting to respond at all, thus decreasing the children's motivation; and (b) treatment procedures designed to keep the children responding until they complete a task correctly may result in coincidental reinforcement for perseverance, increasing the children's motivation to respond to those tasks. Results are discussed in relation to the literature on learned helplessness.(22 ref)(PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved)