Methanomassiliicoccus luminyensis gen. nov., sp nov., a methanogenic archaeon isolated from human faeces
Methanomassiliicoccus luminyensis gen. nov., sp nov., a methanogenic archaeon isolated from human faeces
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DOI：
10.1099/ijs.0.033712-0
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发表时间：
2012-08-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Drancourt, Michel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dridi, Bedis;Fardeau, Marie-Laure;Drancourt, Michel
在试图获得与人类相关的古生菌领域的新物种时，从法国马赛收集的人类粪便样本中纯培养分离出一种被命名为菌株B10(T)的球虫微生物。根据其表型特征和16S rRNA和mcrA基因序列，将该菌株归类为产甲烷古菌。该菌株的细胞为无运动的革兰氏染色阳性球菌，直径约850 nm，在420 nm处显示自身荧光。用0.1% （w/v）的SDS裂解细胞。以氢为电子供体，菌株B10(T)通过还原甲醇产生甲烷。当氢或甲醇是唯一的能源时，这种新菌株不能产生甲烷。在含CO2的环境中，菌株B10(T)不能从甲酸酯、乙酸酯、三甲胺、2-丁醇、2-丙醇、环戊醇、2-戊醇、乙醇、1-丙醇或2,3-丁二醇中产生甲烷。菌株B10(T)在0.5 ~ 1.0% (w/v) NaCl、7.6 pH和37℃条件下生长最佳，其生长需要亚硒酸钨酸盐。对新菌株进行全基因组测序；基因组大小为2.05 Mb，基因组DNA G+C含量为59.93 mol%。在基于16S rRNA基因序列的系统发育分析中，菌株B10(T)与从蟑螂、鸡和哺乳动物消化道中采集的几种未培养的产甲烷古菌序列相似性最高（98.0 ~ 98.7%）。在相同的分析中，非产甲烷的Candidatus aciduliproundum boonei' DSM 19572被鉴定为与菌株B10(T)最密切相关的培养微生物（16S rRNA基因序列相似性为83.0%）。在16S rRNA基因序列分析中使用的三种树形算法均表明菌株B10(T)属于与热原体不同的新目。新菌株似乎也不同于Methanosphaera stadtmanae DSM 3091(T) （72.9% 16S rRNA基因序列相似性），这是另一种产甲烷的古菌，从人类粪便中分离出来，可以在氢气存在的情况下使用甲醇。根据遗传和表型证据，菌株B10(T)代表了一个新属的新种，其名称为Methanomassiliicoccus luminyensis gen. nov., sp. nov.。模式种的模式菌株为B10(T) (=DSM 24529（T)=CSUR P135(T)）。
During attempts to obtain novel, human-associated species of the domain Archaea, a coccoid micro-organism, designated strain B10(T), was isolated in pure culture from a sample of human faeces collected in Marseille, France. On the basis of its phenotypic characteristics and 16S rRNA and mcrA gene sequences, the novel strain was classified as a methanogenic archaeon. Cells of the strain were non-motile, Gram-staining-positive cocci that were approximately 850 nm in diameter and showed autofluorescence at 420 nm. Cells were lysed by 0.1 % (w/v) SDS. With hydrogen as the electron donor, strain B10(T) produced methane by reducing methanol. The novel strain was unable to produce methane when hydrogen or methanol was the sole energy source. In an atmosphere containing CO2, strain B10(T) could not produce methane from formate, acetate, trimethylamine, 2-butanol, 2-propanol, cyclopentanol, 2-pentanol, ethanol, 1-propanol or 2,3-butanediol. Strain B10(T) grew optimally with 0.5-1.0% (w/v) NaCl, at pH 7.6 and at 37 degrees C. It required tungstate-selenite for growth. The complete genome of the novel strain was sequenced; the size of the genome was estimated to be 2.05 Mb and the genomic DNA G+C content was 59.93 mol%. In phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences, the highest sequence similarities (98.0-98.7%) were seen between strain B10(T) and several uncultured, methanogenic Archaea that had been collected from the digestive tracts of a cockroach, a chicken and mammals. In the same analysis, the non-methanogenic Candidatus Aciduliprofundum boonei' DSM 19572 was identified as the cultured micro-organism that was most closely related to strain B10(T) (83.0% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). Each of the three treeing algorithms used in the analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain B10(T) belongs to a novel order that is distinct from the Thermoplasmatales. The novel strain also appeared to be distinct from Methanosphaera stadtmanae DSM 3091(T) (72.9% 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity), another methanogenic archaeon that was isolated from human faeces and can use methanol in the presence of hydrogen. Based on the genetic and phenotypic evidence, strain B10(T) represents a novel species of a new genus for which the name Methanomassiliicoccus luminyensis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of the type species is B10(T) (=DSM 24529(T)=CSUR P135(T)).