Simazine application inhibits nitrification and changes the ammonia-oxidizing bacterial communities in a fertilized agricultural soil
Simazine application inhibits nitrification and changes the ammonia-oxidizing bacterial communities in a fertilized agricultural soil
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01180.x
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发表时间：
2011-12-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Seeger, Michael
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hernandez, Marcela;Jia, Zhongjun;Seeger, Michael
s-三嗪除草剂广泛用于杂草控制，并且在土壤中具有持久性。硝化作用是土壤中全球氮循环的重要过程，涉及氨氧化细菌（AOB）和氨氧化古细菌（AOA）。在这项研究中，我们评估了均三嗪除草剂西玛津对施肥农业土壤中硝化作用和氨氧化微生物群落结构的影响。通过 PCR 扩增土壤微观世界中硝化细菌和古细菌的 amoA 基因并进行变性梯度凝胶电泳 (DGGE) 分析，研究了西玛嗪对 AOB 和 AOA 的影响。西玛嗪[50 mu g g-1干重土壤(d.w.s)]完全抑制了施肥农业土壤中的硝化过程。观察到西玛津对氨氧化的抑制作用与硝化抑制剂乙炔对氨氧化的减少作用相似。将受西玛津影响的 AOB 群落 DGGE 模式应用于经铵改良的农业土壤中，但 AOA 群落没有观察到显着变化。 DGGE 分析强烈表明西玛嗪抑制亚硝化细菌，特别是亚硝化螺菌属。总之，我们的结果表明均三嗪除草剂不仅抑制目标敏感植物，而且抑制施肥土壤中的氨氧化和AOB。
s-Triazine herbicides are widely used for weed control, and are persistent in soils. Nitrification is an essential process in the global nitrogen cycle in soil, and involves ammonia-oxidizing Bacteria (AOB) and ammonia-oxidizing Archaea (AOA). In this study, we evaluated the effect of the s-triazine herbicide simazine on the nitrification and on the structure of ammonia-oxidizing microbial communities in a fertilized agricultural soil. The effect of simazine on AOB and AOA were studied by PCR-amplification of amoA genes of nitrifying Bacteria and Archaea in soil microcosms and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) analyses. Simazine [50 mu g g-1 dry weight soil (d.w.s)] completely inhibited the nitrification processes in the fertilized agricultural soil. The inhibition by simazine of ammonia oxidation observed was similar to the reduction of ammonia oxidation by the nitrification inhibitor acetylene. The application of simazine-affected AOB community DGGE patterns in the agricultural soil amended with ammonium, whereas no significant changes in the AOA community were observed. The DGGE analyses strongly suggest that simazine inhibited Nitrosobacteria and specifically Nitrosospira species. In conclusion, our results suggest that the s-triazine herbicide not only inhibits the target susceptible plants but also inhibits the ammonia oxidation and the AOB in fertilized soils.