Gone with the wind: effects of wind on honey bee visit rate and foraging behaviour
Gone with the wind: effects of wind on honey bee visit rate and foraging behaviour
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DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2019.12.018
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发表时间：
2020-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Ratnieks, Francis F. L. W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hennessy, Georgia;Harris, Ciaran;Ratnieks, Francis F. L. W.
风是一个重要的，但研究不足的觅食行为的环境影响。研究了风对西方蜜蜂觅食行为的直接和间接影响。蜜蜂被训练到一系列的人造花，在一个远离自然风的地方提供花蜜。为了检查直接效果，风扇在三种不同的花间距下产生了0至3 m/s的四种不同风速：5 cm（花接触）和10 cm和20 cm（花不接触）。为了检查风移动花的间接效果，在零风速下以50和110周期/分钟之间的三个频率将花移动10 cm。我们记录了成功访花的次数、飞行时间、花在一朵花上的搜索时间和起飞时的犹豫。随着风速的增加，蜜蜂访问的花朵显着减少，这是由于起飞的犹豫显着增加。在20厘米的间距下，风速之间的访花差异最大。花的运动对觅食率没有影响，但是，花的运动和总飞行时间之间存在显着的正相关关系。这被花在寻找蜜腺上的时间的显著减少所抵消，在花更高的频率降落在花上之后。我们的研究结果表明，这是风的犹豫起飞的直接影响，对蜜蜂觅食率的影响最大。(C)2020动物行为研究协会。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
Wind is an important yet understudied environmental influence on foraging behaviour. We investigated the direct and indirect effects of wind on foraging worker honey bees, Apis mellifera. Bees were trained to an array of artificial flowers providing nectar rewards in a location sheltered from natural wind. To examine the direct effect, fans produced four different wind speeds between 0 and 3 m/s at three different flower spacings: 5 cm (flowers touching) and 10 cm and 20 cm (flowers not touching). To examine the indirect effect of wind moving flowers, flowers were moved 10 cm at three frequencies between 50 and 110 cycles/min at zero wind speed. We recorded the number of successful flower visits, time spent flying, search time on a flower and hesitancy to take off. Bees visited significantly fewer flowers with increasing wind speed which was caused by a significant increase in hesitancy to take off. This difference in flower visits between wind speeds was highest at the 20 cm spacing. Flower movement had no effect on foraging rate; however, there was a significant positive relationship between flower movement and the total time spent flying. This was counterbalanced by a significant reduction in time spent searching for the nectary after landing on a flower at the higher flower frequencies. Our results suggest that it is the direct effect of wind on hesitancy to take off that has the greatest effect on honey bee foraging rate. (C) 2020 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.