Climate controls on erosion in tectonically active landscapes.

Climate controls on erosion in tectonically active landscapes.
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DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.aaz3166
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发表时间:
2020-10
期刊:
影响因子:
13.6
通讯作者:
Hodges KV
Hodges KV
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Adams BA;Whipple KX;Forte AM;Heimsath AM;Hodges KV

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降雨率决定了构造活动景观中地势和河流切割的规模。关于山脉气候与构造之间耦合性质的持续争论部分源于对地形、气候、侵蚀和岩石隆起如何相互关联的不完全理解。在这里,我们证明侵蚀率与河流地形呈非线性关系,其比例由年平均降雨量决定。这些关系可以针对构造活跃的景观进行量化,并且基于它们的计算可以在缺乏观测的情况下估计侵蚀。在侵蚀受到很好限制的喜马拉雅地区对这种关系的预测能力进行的测试证实了我们方法的价值。我们的模型允许使用现成的数据集来估计河流景观的侵蚀率,侵蚀和降雨之间的潜在关系有望更深入地了解气候和构造演化如何影响时空侵蚀和地形,以及气候对构造的潜在影响。
Rainfall rates set the scaling of relief and river incision in tectonically active landscapes. The ongoing debate about the nature of coupling between climate and tectonics in mountain ranges derives, in part, from an imperfect understanding of how topography, climate, erosion, and rock uplift are interrelated. Here, we demonstrate that erosion rate is nonlinearly related to fluvial relief with a proportionality set by mean annual rainfall. These relationships can be quantified for tectonically active landscapes, and calculations based on them enable estimation of erosion where observations are lacking. Tests of the predictive power of this relationship in the Himalaya, where erosion is well constrained, affirm the value of our approach. Our model allows estimation of erosion rates in fluvial landscapes using readily available datasets, and the underlying relationship between erosion and rainfall offers the promise of a deeper understanding of how climate and tectonic evolution affect erosion and topography in space and time and of the potential influence of climate on tectonics.
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