The impact of later trading hours for hotels on levels of impaired driver road crashes and driver breath alcohol levels
The impact of later trading hours for hotels on levels of impaired driver road crashes and driver breath alcohol levels
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1360-0443.2006.01487.x
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发表时间：
2006-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Stockwell, Tim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chikritzhs, Tanya;Stockwell, Tim
目的研究西澳大利亚州珀斯持牌酒店营业时间较晚对相关受损驾驶员道路碰撞和驾驶员呼吸酒精水平（BALs）的影响。设计警察数据的"最后一个地方饮酒"受损的司机参与道路交通事故和相应的BALs进行了检查，以确定与珀斯酒店1990年7月1日至1997年6月30日。在此期间，186家符合研究标准的酒店中有43家（23%）获得了凌晨1点关闭的延长营业许可证（ETP酒店），而其余酒店则继续在午夜关闭（非ETP酒店）。采用多重线性回归的时间序列分析，以确定是否存在关联之间的引入延长交易和（i）每月水平受损的司机道路碰撞与ETP酒店和（ii）司机BALs与ETP酒店。与非ETP酒店相关的趋势作为对照，并考虑了可能的混杂因素。结果控制后的趋势与非ETP酒店和移动的警察呼气测试站，珀斯高速公路，每月的碰撞率显着增加ETP酒店被发现。这种关系主要是占较高的量的高酒精含量的啤酒，葡萄酒和烈酒购买的ETP酒店。驾驶员BALs和ETP的引入之间没有关系。结论：延迟交易与受损驾驶员道路碰撞和酒精消费水平增加有关，特别是高风险酒精饮料。据认为，增加的原因是顾客人数增加，以及申请在较晚时间营业的酒店的顾客的特点（即年龄较轻、较倾向酒后驾驶、喜欢高风险饮料）。
Aim To examine the impact of later trading hours for licensed hotels in Perth, Western Australia on levels of associated impaired driver road crashes and driver breath alcohol levels (BALs). Design Police data on the 'last place of drinking' for impaired drivers involved in road crashes and their corresponding BALs were examined to identify those associated with Perth hotels between 1 July 1990 and 30 June 1997. During this period, 43 (23%) of the 186 hotels meeting study criteria were granted an Extended Trading Permit for 1 a.m. closing (ETP hotels), while the rest continued to close at midnight (non-ETP hotels). Time-series analyses employing multiple linear regressions were applied to determine whether an association existed between the introduction of extended trading and (i) monthly levels of impaired driver road crashes associated with ETP hotels and (ii) driver BALs associated with ETP hotels. Trends associated with non-ETP hotels were included as controls and possible confounders were considered. Findings After controlling for the trend in crash rates associated with non-ETP hotels and the introduction of mobile police breath testing stations to Perth freeways, a significant increase in monthly crash rates for ETP hotels was found. This relationship was largely accounted for by higher volumes of high-alcohol content beer, wine and spirits purchased by ETP hotels. No relation was found between driver BALs and the introduction of ETPs. Conclusions Late trading was associated with increased levels of impaired driver road crashes and alcohol consumption, particularly high-risk alcoholic beverages. Greater numbers of patrons and characteristics specific to clientele of hotels which applied for late trading hours (i.e. younger age, greater propensity to drunk-drive, preference for high-risk beverages) were suggested as having contributed to this increase.