Better together: Integrative analysis of behavioral gratitude in close relationships using the three-factorial interpersonal emotions (TIE) framework.
Better together: Integrative analysis of behavioral gratitude in close relationships using the three-factorial interpersonal emotions (TIE) framework.
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DOI：
10.1037/emo0001020
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发表时间：
2022-12
期刊：
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Algoe, Sara B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chang, Yen-Ping;Dwyer, Patrick C;Algoe, Sara B
几行研究记录了感恩的各种关系和个人利益及其关键行为表现，表达了感激之情。整合这些线，我们提出了三因素人际情绪（TIE）的分析框架，采用两个方向的感恩行为--表达和接受--报告这些行为的两个个体的视角--行为自我和观察伙伴--和两个时间范围来考察感恩--倾向性和情境性（分别作为一个人的两周平均感谢行为和平均值周围的日常变化）。这些描述了人际情感行为表现的八个（2 x 2 x 2）原型方面，例如表达感激之情。我们证明了TIE模型使用一个强大的二元日常日记数据集的自然出现的感激互动浪漫的夫妇。结果表明，所有方面的情景感恩行为独特的预测关系满意度的日常增长，这些影响调解同期的日常生活满意度的增加，并不归因于自我披露，公平，礼貌，或一般的积极性。另外，虽然他们每个人都表现出零阶效应，性格感恩行为的许多方面并没有施加独立的影响关系或生活满意度，也不反对四个非感恩结构。举例说明TIE模型的效用，我们得出结论，行为感恩是一种日常现象，它包括相关但可区分的人际行为，并可以从不同的角度来理解的演员参与。从方法论上讲，我们的工作显示了将关系科学技术用于研究情感的社会功能的价值，并产生了关于日常生活中感恩的新问题。
Several lines of research document various relational and personal benefits of gratitude and its key behavioral manifestation, expressed gratitude. Integrating these lines, we propose the Three-factorial Interpersonal Emotions (TIE) analytical framework, using two directions of gratitude behavior—expression and receipt of the expression—perspectives of both individuals reporting those behaviors—the acting self and the observing partner—and two temporal scopes to examine gratitude—the dispositional and the situational (operationalized as one’s two-week average thanking behavior and daily variations around the average, respectively). These describe eight (2 x 2 x 2) prototypical aspects of behavioral manifestations of interpersonal emotions such as expressed gratitude. We demonstrate the TIE model using a well-powered dyadic daily-diary dataset of naturally emerging gratitude interactions within romantic couples. Results show all aspects of situational gratitude behavior uniquely forecast daily increases in relationship satisfaction; these effects mediate contemporaneous daily increases in life satisfaction, and are not attributable to self-disclosure, fairness, politeness, or general positivity. Alternatively, although they each show a zero-order effect, many aspects of dispositional gratitude behavior do not exert independent effects on relationship or life satisfaction, nor do they hold against the four non-gratitude constructs. Exemplifying the utility of the TIE model, we conclude behavioral gratitude is an everyday phenomenon; it comprises related yet distinguishable interpersonal acts, and can be understood from the different perspectives of the actors involved. Methodologically, our work shows the value of bringing relationship-science techniques to study the social functions of emotions, and generates new questions about gratitude in everyday life.