How to Regulate Emotion? Neural Networks for Reappraisal and Distraction
How to Regulate Emotion? Neural Networks for Reappraisal and Distraction
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DOI：
10.1093/cercor/bhq216
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发表时间：
2011-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Wessa, Michele
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kanske, Philipp;Heissler, Janine;Wessa, Michele
情绪调节对于社会环境中的适应行为至关重要。可以采用不同的策略来实现成功的情绪调节，从注意力控制（例如，分心）到认知变化（例如，重新评价）。然而，很少有证据比较不同的调节策略的神经机制及其对情绪体验的影响。因此，我们在一项功能性磁共振成像研究中直接将重新评价和分心与情绪图片进行了比较。在分心的条件下，参与者执行算术任务，而他们重新解释的情绪状况，在重新评价下调情绪强度。这两种策略都成功地降低了主观情绪状态评分，降低了双侧杏仁核的活动。然而，直接对比显示，与重新评价相比，分心时杏仁核活动的减少更强烈。虽然这两种策略都依赖于内侧和背外侧前额叶和下顶叶皮层的共同控制区域，但眶额皮层被选择性地激活以进行重新评价。相反，背侧前扣带回和顶叶皮层的大集群活跃在牵引条件。杏仁核激活的功能连接模式证实了这些特定激活对2种情绪调节策略的作用。
The regulation of emotion is vital for adaptive behavior in a social environment. Different strategies may be adopted to achieve successful emotion regulation, ranging from attentional control (e.g., distraction) to cognitive change (e.g., reappraisal). However, there is only scarce evidence comparing the different regulation strategies with respect to their neural mechanisms and their effects on emotional experience. We, therefore, directly compared reappraisal and distraction in a functional magnetic resonance imaging study with emotional pictures. In the distraction condition participants performed an arithmetic task, while they reinterpreted the emotional situation during reappraisal to downregulate emotional intensity. Both strategies were successful in reducing subjective emotional state ratings and lowered activity in the bilateral amygdala. Direct contrasts, however, showed a stronger decrease in amygdala activity for distraction when compared with reappraisal. While both strategies relied on common control areas in the medial and dorsolateral prefrontal and inferior parietal cortex, the orbitofrontal cortex was selectively activated for reappraisal. In contrast, the dorsal anterior cingulate and large clusters in the parietal cortex were active in the distraction condition. Functional connectivity patterns of the amygdala activation confirmed the roles of these specific activations for the 2 emotion regulation strategies.