Cancer stem cells: the lessons from pre-cancerous stem cells.
Cancer stem cells: the lessons from pre-cancerous stem cells.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1582-4934.2007.00170.x
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发表时间：
2008-01
影响因子：
5.3
通讯作者：
Gao JX
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gao JX
尽管几十年来癌症研究取得了诸多进展，但癌症是如何发生和形成的仍然难以捉摸。最近，癌症干细胞（CSC）假说重新兴起，挑战了癌症发展的长期“克隆进化”模型，并暗示癌症潜在治愈方法的曙光。然而，最近在癌症中发现的癌前干细胞（pCSC）是CSC发展的早期阶段，这表明克隆进化并不与CSC假说相矛盾，而是CSC发展过程的一个方面。 pCSC 的发现已经揭示并将继续揭示 CSC 在起始和进展过程中表型、分化和致瘤能力方面的不稳定特性。 pCSC 和 CSC 也可能作为肿瘤基质成分的前体，例如肿瘤血管生成干细胞/祖细胞 (TVPC)。因此，CSC假说涵盖了肿瘤起始细胞（TIC）→pCSC→CSC→癌症的发展过程，这一细胞过程应与增生/化生（TIC）→癌前病变（pCSC）→恶性病变（CSC→癌症）的组织学过程平行。 pCSC 中的胚胎干 (ES) 细胞和生殖系干 (GS) 细胞基因被破坏。尤其是GS细胞蛋白piwil2可能在TIC→pCSC→CSC的发展过程中发挥重要作用，该蛋白可作为癌症早期检测、预防和治疗的常用生物标志物。由于癌症干细胞研究尚处于起步阶段，目前无法就 pCSC 的作用得出明确的结论。然而，这篇综述将讨论我们从 pCSC 中学到了什么，以及这如何产生创新想法，最终可能对癌症的理解和治疗产生重大影响。
How a cancer is initiated and established remains elusive despite all the advances in decades of cancer research. Recently the cancer stem cell (CSC) hypothesis has been revived, challenging the long-standing model of ‘clonal evolution’ for cancer development and implicating the dawning of a potential cure for cancer. The recent identification of pre-cancerous stem cells (pCSCs) in cancer, an early stage of CSC development, however, implicates that the clonal evolution is not contradictory to the CSC hypothesis but is rather an aspect of the process of CSC development. The discovery of pCSC has revealed and will continue to reveal the volatile properties of CSC with respect to their phenotype, differentiation and tumourigenic capacity during initiation and progression. Both pCSC and CSC might also serve as precursors of tumour stromal components such as tumour vasculogenic stem/progenitor cells (TVPCs). Thus, the CSC hypothesis covers the developing process of tumour-initiating cells (TIC) → pCSC → CSC → cancer, a cellular process that should parallel the histological process of hyperplasia/metaplasia (TIC) → pre-cancerous lesions (pCSC) → malignant lesions (CSC → cancer). The embryonic stem (ES) cell and germ line stem (GS) cell genes are subverted in pCSCs. Especially the GS cell protein piwil2 may play an important role during the development of TIC → pCSC → CSC, and this protein may be used as a common biomarker for early detection, prevention, and treatment of cancer. As cancer stem cell research is yet in its infancy, definitive conclusions regarding the role of pCSC cannot be made at this time. However, this review will discuss what we have learned from pCSC and how this has led to innovative ideas that may eventually have major impacts on the understanding and treatment of cancer.
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影响因子：
64.8
作者：
Cahill, DP;Lengauer, C;Vogelstein, B
通讯作者：
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影响因子：
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作者：
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作者：
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11.2
作者：
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