What have economists learned about valuing nature? A review essay
What have economists learned about valuing nature? A review essay
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经济学家在评估自然方面学到了什么？
DOI：
10.1016/j.ecoser.2012.12.002
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Gowdy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Sarah Parks;J. Gowdy
价值问题已经占据了人类的思想几千年。随着新古典福利经济学在20世纪的兴起，“价值”被限定为市场经济中的交换价值。这种意义的缩小使经济学家能够使用精确的数学框架来强调自然对当地经济活动以及总体经济增长的贡献。然而，目前在评估气候变化和生物多样性丧失等长期环境变化的成本和收益方面的争议暴露了标准福利经济学的严重缺陷。其中许多都源于这样一种假设，即社会价值可以用利己的、狭隘理性的个人所揭示或陈述的偏好来计算。行为心理学、神经科学和社会人类学的新发现表明，人类的决策也是一个社会过程，而不仅仅是个人的过程。这篇评论文章探讨了标准福利理论的贡献，它的缺点，以及基于真正的社会偏好的更现实的估值模型的必要性。
The question of value has occupied the human mind for millennia. With the ascent of neoclassical welfare economics in the twentieth century, “value” was constrained to chrematistics, or exchange value in a market economy. This narrowing of meaning allowed economists to use a precise mathematical framework to highlight the contributions of nature both to local economic activity as well as to economic growth in general. Nevertheless, current controversies in valuing the cost and benefits of long-lived environmental changes like climate change and biodiversity loss have exposed serious flaws in standard welfare economics. Many of these arise from the assumption that social value can be calculated using the revealed or stated preferences of self-regarding, narrowly rational individuals. New findings in behavioral psychology, neuroscience, and social anthropology have shown that human decision-making is also a social, not only an individual, process. This review essay examines the contributions of standard welfare theory, its shortcomings, and the necessity for more realistic valuation models based on truly social preferences.
卡斯·桑斯坦和行为经济分析法理论
DOI：
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发表时间：
2010
期刊：
日本公共政策学会2010年度研究大会報告論文集
影响因子：
--
作者：
Ido;Masanobu;山下清海・小木裕文・松村公明・張貴民・杜国慶;石井知章;末近浩太;藤谷武史;松本克美;柳瀬昇
通讯作者：
柳瀬昇