CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF HAIR MELANINS IN VARIOUS COAT-COLOR MUTANTS OF MICE
CHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF HAIR MELANINS IN VARIOUS COAT-COLOR MUTANTS OF MICE
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DOI：
10.1111/1523-1747.ep12320792
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发表时间：
1995-09-01
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
HIROBE, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
OZEKI, H;ITO, S;HIROBE, T
哺乳动物黑色素以两种化学上不同的形式存在：棕色至黑色的真黑色素和黄色至红色的褐黑色素。黑素生成受许多基因的影响，其产物的水平决定了所产生的黑素的数量和质量。为了检测各种毛色基因对小鼠滤泡黑素细胞中合成的黑素的化学性质的影响，我们引入了溶解差异性褐黑素和棕色型真黑素的新方法，我们应用这些和以前开发的用于测定铕和褐黑素的高效液相色谱法和分光光度法来表征各种突变小鼠中的黑素：黑色、致死黄色、活黄色、琼脂糖、棕色、浅色、白化病、稀释、隐性黄色、粉眼稀释、板色和银，证明了1）黑色素在Soluene-350中的完全溶解是估算褐黑素和褐黑素总量的方便方法，（2）致死黄毛、活黄毛和隐性黄毛中几乎都含有纯的褐黑素;（3）棕色、浅色、银色和粉眼黑毛中的黑素具有相同的化学性质，即部分可溶于强碱。我们认为：（1）棕色型真黑素的聚合度低于黑色型真黑素，和2）与黑色和其它真黑素头发黑色素相比，板色头发黑色素含有比例大大降低的5，6-二羟基吲哚-2-羧酸衍生单元。这些结果表明，我们的方法，高效液相色谱和分光光度法相结合，可用于对滤泡黑素细胞中产生的黑色素进行化学表征。
Mammalian melanins exist in two chemically distinct forms: the brown to black eumelanins and the yellow to reddish pheomelanins. Melanogenesis is influenced by a number of genes, the levels of whose products determine the quantity and quality of the melanins produced, To examine the effects of various coat-color genes on the chemical properties of melanins synthesized in the follicular melanocytes of mice, we have introduced new methods to solubilize differentially pheomelanins and brown-type eumelanins, We applied these and previously developed high-performance liquid chromatography and spectrophotometric methods for assaying eu- and pheomelanins to characterize melanins in various mutant mice: black, lethal yellow, viable yellow, agouti, brown, light, albino, dilute, recessive yellow, pink-eyed dilution, slaty, and silver, It was demonstrated that 1) complete solubilization of melanins in Soluene-350 is a convenient method to estimate the total amount of eu- and pheomelanins, 2) lethal yellow, viable yellow, and recessive yellow hairs contain almost pure pheomelanins, and 3) melanins from brown, light, silver, and pink-eyed black hairs share chemical properties in common that are characterized by partial solubility in strong alkali, We suggest that 1) the brown-type eumelanins have lower degrees of polymerization than the black-type eumelanins, and 2) slaty hair melanin contains a greatly reduced ratio of 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylic acid-derived units as compared with black and other eumelanic hair melanins, These results indicate that our methodology, high-performance liquid chromatography and spectrophotometric methods combined, may be useful in chemically characterizing melanin pigments produced in follicular melanocytes.