MicroRNAs as regulators of metabolic disease: pathophysiologic significance and emerging role as biomarkers and therapeutics.
MicroRNAs as regulators of metabolic disease: pathophysiologic significance and emerging role as biomarkers and therapeutics.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1038/ijo.2015.170
复制
发表时间：
2016-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Deiuliis JA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Deiuliis JA
发达国家和发展中国家超重和肥胖的流行大大增加了胰岛素抵抗和2型糖尿病的风险。人类和动物的研究表明，肥胖会改变新陈代谢重要器官的microRNA(MiRNA)的表达，miRNAs参与正常生理的变化，充当疾病的媒介。MiRNAs调控多种途径，包括胰岛素信号、免疫介导的炎症、脂肪因子的表达、脂肪形成、脂代谢和摄食调节。因此，基于miRNA的治疗方法代表了一种创新和有吸引力的治疗方式，非人类灵长类动物的研究显示出巨大的前景。此外，血浆或体液中的miRNA测量可用作人类代谢性疾病的疾病生物标记物和预测因子。本文就miR-17/92、miR-143-145、miR-130、let-7、miR-221/222、miR-200、miR-223、miR-29和miR-375家族在肥胖和胰岛素抵抗中的作用以及相关组织(脂肪、肝脏和骨骼肌)的miRNA变化作一综述。此外，还讨论了基于miRNA的治疗和诊断在代谢性疾病中的当前和未来的应用。
The prevalence of overweight and obesity in developed and developing countries has greatly increased the risk of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is evident from human and animal studies that obesity alters microRNA (miRNA) expression in metabolically important organs, and that miRNAs are involved in changes to normal physiology, acting as mediators of disease. miRNAs regulate multiple pathways including insulin signaling, immune-mediated inflammation, adipokine expression, adipogenesis, lipid metabolism, and food intake regulation. Thus, miRNA-based therapeutics represent an innovative and attractive treatment modality, with non-human primate studies showing great promise. In addition, miRNA measures in plasma or bodily fluids may be used as disease biomarkers and predictors of metabolic disease in humans. This review analyzes the role of miRNAs in obesity and insulin resistance, focusing on the miR-17/92, miR-143-145, miR-130, let-7, miR-221/222, miR-200, miR-223, miR-29 and miR-375 families, as well as miRNA changes by relevant tissue (adipose, liver and skeletal muscle). Further, the current and future applications of miRNA-based therapeutics and diagnostics in metabolic disease are discussed.