Quantum-Statistical Models of Hot Dense Matter
Quantum-Statistical Models of Hot Dense Matter
复制标题
DOI：
10.1007/b137687
复制
发表时间：
2005
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
A. Nikiforov;V. Novikov;V. B. Uvarov
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Nikiforov;V. Novikov;V. B. Uvarov
在当代物理学研究的过程中，人们遇到了最多样化的条件：温度从绝对零度到恒星核心的温度，密度从气体的密度到比固体大几十倍的密度。因此，现代物理学的许多问题的解决需要越来越多的关于物质在各种条件下的性质的信息，包括极端情况。与此同时，由于thatthereliabilityandcomputationalsubstantiationofmanyuniquetechnological设备和物理安装依赖于这些数据，因此需要提高这些数据的准确性。在理论物理课程中通常描述的相对简单的模型不适用于我们想要描述物质的性质时。极宽的温度和密度范围。另一方面，旨在产生极端条件下物质性质数据的实验通常面临相当大的技术难度？邪教和在许多情况下都是极其昂贵的。正是由于这些原因，开发和重新开发？为计算物质的性质提供系统的量子统计模型和方法，并将计算结果与通过观察和实验获得的数据进行比较。在这个时候，关于这些问题的文献似乎是不合理的？有先见之明。如果人们关注的是不透明度，它决定了物质在高温下的辐射导热系数，那么人们可以提到，例如，DA Frank-Kamenetskii[67]，RD Cowan[49]的书，以及D.
In the processes studied in contemporary physics one encounters the most diverse conditions: temperatures ranging from absolute zero to those found in the cores of stars, and densities ranging from those of gases to densities tens of times larger than those of a solid body. Accordingly, the solution of many problems of modern physics requires an increasingly large volume of information about the propertiesofmatterundervariousconditions, includingextremeones. Atthesame time, there is a demand for an increasing accuracy of these data, due to the fact thatthereliabilityandcomputationalsubstantiationofmanyuniquetechnological devices and physical installations depends on them. The relatively simple models ordinarily described in courses on theoretical physics are not applicable when we wish to describe the properties of matter in a su? ciently wide range of temperatures and densities. On the other hand, expe-ments aimed at generating data on properties of matter under extreme conditions usually face considerably technical di? culties and in a number of instances are exceedingly expensive. It is precisely for these reasons that it is important to-velop and re? ne in a systematic manner quantum-statistical models and methods for calculating properties of matter, and to compare computational results with data acquired through observations and experiments. At this time, the literature addressing these issues appears to be insu? cient. If one is concerned with opacity, which determines the radiative heat conductivity of matter at high temperatures, then one can mention, for example, the books of DA Frank-Kamenetskii [67], RD Cowan [49], and also the relatively recently published book by D.