AMPK and the biochemistry of exercise: implications for human health and disease.
AMPK and the biochemistry of exercise: implications for human health and disease.
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DOI：
10.1042/bj20082055
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发表时间：
2009-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Ruderman NB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Richter EA;Ruderman NB
amp活化蛋白激酶（AMPK）是存在于所有哺乳动物细胞中的一种系统发育保守的燃料感应酶。在运动过程中，它在人类的骨骼肌中被激活，至少在啮齿类动物中，也在脂肪组织、肝脏和其他器官中被激活，通过增加AMP/ATP比率的事件。当AMPK被激活时，会刺激能量生成过程，如葡萄糖摄取和脂肪酸氧化，并减少能量消耗过程，如蛋白质和脂质合成。运动可能是AMPK最强大的生理激活剂，也是研究其许多生理作用的独特模型。此外，它改善代谢综合征表型啮齿动物的代谢状态，与AMPK激活剂治疗一样；因此，人们很容易将定期体育活动的治疗益处归因于AMPK的激活。本文综述了运动对骨骼肌和其他组织AMPK活性的急性和慢性影响。我们还讨论了AMPK激活在通过运动预防和治疗与代谢综合征相关的特定疾病（包括2型糖尿病和阿尔茨海默病）中的潜在作用。
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a phylogenetically conserved fuel-sensing enzyme that is present in all mammalian cells. During exercise, it is activated in skeletal muscle in humans, and at least in rodents, also in adipose tissue, liver and perhaps other organs by events that increase the AMP/ATP ratio. When activated AMPK stimulates energy generating processes such as glucose uptake and fatty acid oxidation and decreases energy consuming processes such as protein and lipid synthesis. Exercise is perhaps the most powerful physiological activator of AMPK and a unique model for studying its many physiological roles. In addition, it improves the metabolic status of rodents with a metabolic syndrome phenotype, as does treatment with AMPK activating agents; therefore, it is tempting to attribute the therapeutic benefits of regular physical activity to activation of AMPK. Here we review the acute and chronic effects of exercise on AMPK activity in skeletal muscle and other tissues. We also discuss the potential role of AMPK activation in mediating the prevention and treatment by exercise of specific disorders associated with the metabolic syndrome including type 2 diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease.