Gait speed using powered robotic exoskeletons after spinal cord injury: a systematic review and correlational study.
Gait speed using powered robotic exoskeletons after spinal cord injury: a systematic review and correlational study.
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DOI：
10.1186/s12984-015-0074-9
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发表时间：
2015-10-14
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Spinal Cord Injury Research Evidence (SCIRE) Research Team
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Louie DR;Eng JJ;Lam T;Spinal Cord Injury Research Evidence (SCIRE) Research Team
电动机器人外骨骼是一种新兴的可穿戴矫形器技术，可以作为一种辅助装置，使非步行脊髓损伤(SCI)患者能够行走，或者作为一种康复工具，提高脊髓损伤患者的步行能力。到目前为止，还没有任何研究系统地回顾了动力外骨骼恢复行走功能的有效性的文献。我们的目标是系统地回顾文献，以确定脊髓损伤患者在使用动力外骨骼行走时达到的步态速度，影响这一速度的因素，以及涉及动力外骨骼的研究的特点(例如，纳入标准、筛选和训练过程)。在计算机化的数据库中进行了系统的搜索，以确定报告了使用动力外骨骼时行走效果的文章。每项研究的个人步速数据都被提取出来。在步态速度与1)年龄、2)受伤后年限、3)受伤程度和4)训练次数之间进行了皮尔逊相关。15篇文章符合纳入标准，其中14篇研究了动力外骨骼作为非活动个体的辅助装置，1篇将其用作脊髓损伤患者的训练干预。非步行参与者(n = 84)在佩戴动力外骨骼时的平均步速为0.26万米/S，大多数人胸部水平运动完全损伤。12篇文章报道了非步行参与者的个人数据，从中发现步态速度与1)年龄(r = 0.27，95%CI 0.02-0.48，p = 0.03，63名参与者)、2)损伤程度(r = 0.27，95%CI 0.02-0.48，p = 0.03，63名参与者)和3)训练时间(r = 0.41，95%CI 0.16-0.61，p = 0.002，55名参与者)呈正相关。总而言之，动力外骨骼可以为不能行走的人提供胸部水平的运动-完全脊髓损伤-以中等速度行走的能力。这一速度与伤病程度和训练时间有关。
Powered robotic exoskeletons are an emerging technology of wearable orthoses that can be used as an assistive device to enable non-ambulatory individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) to walk, or as a rehabilitation tool to improve walking ability in ambulatory individuals with SCI. No studies to date have systematically reviewed the literature on the efficacy of powered exoskeletons on restoring walking function. Our objective was to systematically review the literature to determine the gait speed attained by individuals with SCI when using a powered exoskeleton to walk, factors influencing this speed, and characteristics of studies involving a powered exoskeleton (e.g. inclusion criteria, screening, and training processes). A systematic search in computerized databases was conducted to identify articles that reported on walking outcomes when using a powered exoskeleton. Individual gait speed data from each study was extracted. Pearson correlations were performed between gait speed and 1) age, 2) years post-injury, 3) injury level, and 4) number of training sessions. Fifteen articles met inclusion criteria, 14 of which investigated the powered exoskeleton as an assistive device for non-ambulatory individuals and one which used it as a training intervention for ambulatory individuals with SCI. The mean gait speed attained by non-ambulatory participants (n = 84) while wearing a powered exoskeleton was 0.26 m/s, with the majority having a thoracic-level motor-complete injury. Twelve articles reported individual data for the non-ambulatory participants, from which a positive correlation was found between gait speed and 1) age (r = 0.27, 95 % CI 0.02–0.48, p = 0.03, 63 participants), 2) injury level (r = 0.27, 95 % CI 0.02–0.48, p = 0.03, 63 participants), and 3) training sessions (r = 0.41, 95 % CI 0.16–0.61, p = 0.002, 55 participants). In conclusion, powered exoskeletons can provide non-ambulatory individuals with thoracic-level motor-complete SCI the ability to walk at modest speeds. This speed is related to level of injury as well as training time.