The impact of pesticide regulations on suicide in Sri Lanka.
The impact of pesticide regulations on suicide in Sri Lanka.
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DOI：
10.1093/ije/dym164
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发表时间：
2007-12
影响因子：
7.7
通讯作者：
Eddleston M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gunnell D;Fernando R;Hewagama M;Priyangika WD;Konradsen F;Eddleston M
从1950年到1995年，斯里兰卡的自杀率增加了8倍，1995年达到了每10万人中47人的峰值。到2005年，这一比例下降了一半。我们的目的是评估斯里兰卡对进口和销售对人类特别有毒的农药的监管控制是否导致了自杀率的变化。1975-2005年，斯里兰卡使用图形和描述方法确定自杀和自杀风险因素的时代趋势的生态分析。1995年和1998年分别限制进口和销售世卫组织第一类毒性农药和硫丹，与此同时，各年龄段男性和女性的自杀率均有所下降。与1986 - 1995年相比，1996-2005年的自杀人数减少了19,800人。失业、酗酒、离婚、农药使用的长期趋势以及与斯里兰卡内战相关的年份似乎与这些下降无关。这些数据表明，在农药普遍用于自杀行为的国家，对毒性最强的农药实行进口管制可能对自杀产生有利影响。在亚洲，估计每年有30万人死于农药中毒。限制销售对人类毒性最大的农药的国家和国际政策可能对该地区的自杀行为产生重大影响。
Between 1950 and 1995 suicide rates in Sri Lanka increased eight fold to a peak of 47 per 100,000 in 1995. By 2005 rates had halved. Our aim was to evaluate whether Sri Lanka’s regulatory controls on the import and sale of pesticides that are particularly toxic to humans were responsible for these changes in suicide. Ecological analysis using graphical and descriptive approaches to identify times trends in suicide and risk factors for suicide in Sri Lanka, 1975-2005. Restrictions on the import and sales of WHO Class I toxicity pesticides in 1995 and endosulfan in 1998, coincided with reductions in suicide in both men and women of all ages. 19,800 fewer suicides occurred in 1996-2005 compared to 1986 – 1995. Secular trends in unemployment, alcohol misuse, divorce, pesticide use and the years associated with Sri Lanka’s Civil war did not appear to be associated with these declines. These data indicate that in countries where pesticides are commonly used in acts of self-poisoning, import controls on the most toxic pesticides may have a favourable impact on suicide. In Asia there are an estimated 300,000 deaths from pesticide self-poisoning annually. National and international policies restricting the sales of pesticides that are most toxic to humans may have a major impact on suicides in the region.