Planar and vertical induction of anteroposterior pattern during the development of the amphibian central nervous system.
Planar and vertical induction of anteroposterior pattern during the development of the amphibian central nervous system.
复制标题
两栖动物中枢神经系统发育过程中前后模式的平面和垂直感应。
DOI：
10.1002/neu.480241003
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发表时间：
1993
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Doniach,T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Doniach,T
在两栖动物和其他脊椎动物中，原肠胚形成期间来自背侧中胚层的信号诱导外胚层的神经发育。经典的胚胎学结果表明，这些信号遵循一个“垂直”的路径，从内卷的背中胚层到上覆的外胚层。然而，最近对非洲爪蟾（Xenopus laevis）的研究揭示了“平面”神经诱导信号的存在，这些信号在由背中胚层和假定的神经外胚层形成的连续组织片或平面内传递。这项工作的大部分利用凯勒外植体，其中背侧中胚层和外胚层培养在一个平面配置与接触沿着只有一个单一的边缘，并防止垂直接触。平面信号可以诱导神经模式的完整前后（A-P）范围，如Keller外植体中标记沿A-P轴沿着特定位置的基因表达所证明的。在这篇综述中，将讨论经典和现代分子在垂直和平面诱导方面的工作。接下来将讨论垂直感应和平面感应的各种模型。有人提出，神经系统中的A-P模式来自背中胚层中的诱导物的平行模式，其垂直地“印记”到上覆的外胚层上。由于现在已知平面信号也可以诱导A-P神经模式，因此必须重新评估这种模型。对Xenopus胚胎A-P模式平面诱导的研究提供了一个简单、可操作的二维系统来研究模式的形成。John Wiley & Sons，Inc.
In amphibians and other vertebrates, neural development is induced in the ectoderm by signals coming from the dorsal mesoderm during gastrulation. Classical embryological results indicated that these signals follow a “vertical” path, from the involuted dorsal mesoderm to the overlying ectoderm. Recent work with the frogXenopus laevis, however, has revealed the existence of “planar” neural‐inducing signals, which pass within the continuous sheet or plane of tissue formed by the dorsal mesoderm and presumptive neurectoderm. Much of this work has made use of Keller explants, in which dorsal mesoderm and ectoderm are cultured in a planar configuration with contact along only a single edge, and vertical contact is prevented. Planar signals can induce the full anteroposterior (A‐P) extent of neural pattern, as evidenced in Keller explants by the expression of genes that mark specific positions along the A‐P axis. In this review, classical and modern molecular work on vertical and planar inductionwill be discussed. This will be followed by a discussion of various models for vertical induction and planar induction. It has been proposed that the A‐P pattern in the nervous system is derived from a parallel pattern of inducers in the dorsal mesoderm which is “imprinted” vertically onto the overlying ectoderm. Since it is now known that planar signals can also induce A‐P neural pattern, this kind of model must be reassessed. The study of planar induction of A‐P pattern inXenopusembryos provides a simple, manipulable, two‐dimensional system in which to investigate pattern formation. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.