Modelling the risk of collision with power lines in Bonelli’s Eagle Hieraaetus fasciatus and its conservation implications
Modelling the risk of collision with power lines in Bonelli’s Eagle Hieraaetus fasciatus and its conservation implications
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模拟博内利鹰 Hieraaetus fasciatus 与电线碰撞的风险及其保护意义
DOI：
10.1017/s0959270910000250
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
A. Hernández‐Matías
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Àlex Rollan;Joan Real;R. Bosch;A. Tintó;A. Hernández‐Matías
摘要 电力线伤亡被认为是濒临灭绝的博内利鹰死亡的主要原因之一，尽管人们对电线碰撞所涉及的因素及其对种群造成的后果知之甚少。我们研究了 18 名无线电跟踪个体，以确定在两个空间尺度（飞行高度和跨度交叉点）与电线碰撞的风险。通过逻辑回归模型，我们发现碰撞风险主要由老鹰的主场使用情况决定，与50%核心区域相关的风险相比，80%核心区域、95%核心区域和MCP分别降低至0.421、0.114和0.032倍。此外，在远离城市地区（比靠近城市地区高2.345倍）、有利于狩猎的开阔栖息地（比森林栖息地高约1.5倍），以及用于繁殖和栖息的悬崖地区，鹰飞翔高度较低（鹰低空飞行的概率比森林栖息地高1.470倍），碰撞风险也会增加。在 15 个繁殖地中，领地周转率与接地输电线路的风险之间存在显着的正相关关系。此外，当添加无地线传输和双回路配电线路时，这种相关性对于 50% 核心区域具有更高的显着性，尽管配电线路没有遇到相关性。这些结果表明，电线碰撞可能比之前报道的物种死亡原因更为重要，因此应采取保护行动，以尽量减少其对种群动态的影响。预测模型可能是仔细规划新电力线路和现有线路标记的有用工具。鉴于距巢穴的距离可能无法充分匹配碰撞风险，应使用核心区域而不是固定半径。
Summary Power line casualties are considered one of the main causes of mortality in the endangered Bonelli’s Eagle Hieraaetus fasciatus, although little is known about factors involved in collisions with wires and their consequences at population level. We studied 18 radio-tracked individuals to determine the risk of collision with power lines at two spatial scales (flight height and span crossings). Through logistic regression modelling we found that the risk of collision was mainly determined by eagles’ home range use, being reduced in kernel 80%, kernel 95% and MCP respectively to 0.421, 0.114 and 0.032 times in comparison to risk associated to the 50% kernel area. In addition, the risk of collision increased in open habitats (around 1.5 times higher than in forested habitats) far from urban areas (2.345 times higher than near urban areas) that were good for hunting, and in cliff areas used for breeding and roosting, where eagles fly at a lower height (the probability of eagles flying at a low height was 1.470 times higher than in forested habitats). A significant positive correlation was found between territorial turnover rates and the risk ascribed to transmission lines with earth wires in 15 breeding territories. Moreover, this correlation had a higher significance for the 50% kernel area when transmission without earth wires and double circuit distribution lines were added, although no correlations were encountered for distribution lines. These results suggested that power line collisions might be more important than previously reported as a cause of mortality for the species and thus conservation actions should be applied in order to minimise their effects on population dynamics. Predictive models may be a useful tool in careful planning of new power line routes and the wire-marking of the existing ones. Kernel areas should be used rather than fixed radii given that distances from nests may not adequately match the risk of collision.