MAMP-responsive MAPK cascades regulate phytoalexin biosynthesis
MAMP-responsive MAPK cascades regulate phytoalexin biosynthesis
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DOI：
10.4161/psb.5.12.13982
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Hirochika, Hirohiko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kishi-Kaboshi, Mitsuko;Takahashi, Akira;Hirochika, Hirohiko
当植物感觉到微生物的攻击时，它们会启动一系列防御反应。最重要的防御成分之一是新合成的抗微生物次级代谢产物植物防御素的产生;然而，关于调节植物防御素生物合成的信号传导成分的知识是有限的。丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）级联是微生物相关分子模式（MAMPs）识别所引发的防御信号的关键组成部分，其调节包括植物抗毒素生物合成在内的多种防御反应。在拟南芥中，吲哚衍生的植物防御素（camalexin）的生物合成受到AtMPK 3、AtMPK 4和AtMPK 6等MAPK级联反应的调节。最近，我们在水稻中鉴定了一种新的MAPK级联（OsMKK 4-OsMPK 3/OsMPK 6），其通过调节其生物合成基因的表达来诱导二萜类植物抗毒素的产生。MAPK级联的下游信号被认为是由几个转录因子介导的。迄今为止，AtWRKY 33和OsTGAP 1已被鉴定为拟南芥和水稻中植物抗毒素生物合成的转录激活因子。在这里，我们讨论和比较植物抗毒素生物合成的调控机制，通过MAPK级联和转录因子在拟南芥和水稻。
When plants sense the attack of microbial organisms, they initiate a series of defense responses. One of the most important defense components is the production of phytoalexins that are newly synthesized as anti-microbial secondary metabolites; however, knowledge about the signaling components regulating phytoalexin biosynthesis is limited. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are key components in the defense signaling evoked by recognition of microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) that regulate several defense responses including phytoalexin biosynthesis. In Arabidopsis, biosynthesis of an indole-derived phytoalexin, camalexin, is regulated by MAPK cascades including AtMPK3, AtMPK4 and AtMPK6. Recently, we characterized a novel MAPK cascade in rice (OsMKK4-OsMPK3/OsMPK6) that induces production of diterpenoid phytoalexins by regulating the expression of their biosynthetic genes. Downstream signals of MAPK cascades are thought to be mediated by several transcription factors. To date, AtWRKY33 and OsTGAP1 have been identified as transcriptional activators of phytoalexin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis and rice. Here, we discuss and compare the regulatory mechanisms for phytoalexin biosynthesis through MAPK cascades and transcription factors in Arabidopsis and rice.