Prenatal urinary phthalate metabolites levels and neurodevelopment in children at two and three years of age.
Prenatal urinary phthalate metabolites levels and neurodevelopment in children at two and three years of age.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.05.021
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发表时间：
2013-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Meeker JD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Téllez-Rojo MM;Cantoral A;Cantonwine DE;Schnaas L;Peterson K;Hu H;Meeker JD
以前的研究表明，产前邻苯二甲酸酯暴露会影响生命最初几年的神经发育和行为。评价妊娠期间母亲尿液中邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物浓度对24-36个月儿童智力和精神发育的影响。这项分析是在墨西哥城进行的ELEMENT队列研究的136对母子中对生命的前三年进行的。分析了妊娠晚期采集的母体尿样中的9种邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物：邻苯二甲酸单乙酯（MEP）、邻苯二甲酸单正丁酯（MnBP）、邻苯二甲酸单异丁酯（MiBP）、邻苯二甲酸单苄酯（MBzP）、邻苯二甲酸单-3-羧丙酯（MCPP）和四种邻苯二甲酸二-2-乙基己酯（DEHP）代谢产物[邻苯二甲酸单-2-乙基己酯（MEHP），邻苯二甲酸单（2-乙基-5-羟己基）酯（MEHHP）、邻苯二甲酸单（2-乙基-5-氧代己基）酯（MEOHP）和邻苯二甲酸单（2-乙基-5-羧基戊基）酯（MECPP）]。在136名儿童中，135名（99.3%）完成了研究期。在24、30和36个月大时，使用Bayley（BSID II）测试的精神和心理发育指数（MDI和PDI）评估儿童神经发育。产前邻苯二甲酸酯暴露对神经发育的影响，估计使用线性回归模型的纵向数据聚类在个人水平。在所有儿童中没有观察到显著的相关性，但发现性别差异的影响。在女孩中，MDI和DEHP代谢物MEHP之间存在负相关性（β = −2.11 [95% CI：−3.73，−0.49]），MEHHP（β = −1.89 [95% CI：−3.64，−0.15]），MEOHP（β = −1.80 [95% CI：−3.58，−0.03]）、MECPP（β = −2.52 [95% CI：−4.44，−0.61]）和DEHP（β = −3.41 [95% CI：−5.26，−1.55]）;在男孩中无显著影响。男性PDI与MBzP（β = 1.79 [95% CI：0.14，3.45]）和MCPP（β = 1.64 [95% CI：0.15，3.12]）呈正相关;对女孩PDI无显著影响。这项研究表明，性别在产前邻苯二甲酸酯暴露和神经发育之间的关联中起着效应修饰剂的作用。
Previous studies suggest that prenatal phthalate exposure affects neurodevelopment and behavior during the first years of life. To evaluate the effect of maternal urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites during pregnancy on mental and psychomotor development in children 24-36 months of age. This analysis was conducted on the first three years of life among a subsample of 136 mother-child pairs from the ELEMENT cohort studies conducted in Mexico City. Maternal urine samples collected during the third trimester of pregnancy were analyzed for 9 phthalate metabolites: Mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP), Mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP), mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP), Mono-3-carboxypropyl phthalate (MCPP), and four di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) metabolites [mono-2-ethylhexyl-phthalate (MEHP), mono-(2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl) phthalate (MEHHP), mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP), and mono-(2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl) phthalate (MECPP)]. Among the 136 children, 135 (99.3%) completed the study period. Child neurodevelopment was assessed using mental and psychomotor development indexes (MDI and PDI) from a Bayley (BSID II) test at 24, 30, and 36 months of age. The effect of prenatal phthalate exposure on neurodevelopment was estimated using linear regression models for longitudinal data clustered at the individual level. No significant associations were observed among all children combined, but differential effects by gender were found. Among girls, there was a negative association between MDI and DEHP metabolites MEHP (β = −2.11 [95% CI: −3.73, −0.49]), MEHHP (β = −1.89 [95% CI: −3.64, −0.15]), MEOHP (β = −1.80 [95% CI: −3.58, −0.03]) MECPP (β = −2.52 [95% CI: −4.44, −0.61]), and DEHP (β = −3.41 [95% CI: −5.26, −1.55]); there was no significant effect among boys. Male PDI was positively related to MBzP (β = 1.79 [95% CI: 0.14, 3.45]) and MCPP (β = 1.64 [95% CI: 0.15, 3.12]); there was no significant effect on PDI among girls. This study demonstrates that sex plays a role of an effect modifier in the association between prenatal phthalate exposure and neurodevelopment.