Adaptation of soil microbial communities to temperature: comparison of fungi and bacteria in a laboratory experiment
Adaptation of soil microbial communities to temperature: comparison of fungi and bacteria in a laboratory experiment
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.01882.x
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发表时间：
2009-12-01
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
Baath, Erland
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Barcenas-Moreno, Gema;Gomez-Brandon, Maria;Baath, Erland
温度不仅可以直接影响微生物的活性，还可以通过改变群落对温度的依赖间接影响微生物的活性。随着时间的推移，这将导致社区在应对气温上升方面表现更好。我们首次研究了土壤温度（5-50℃）对细菌（亮氨酸掺入）和真菌生长（麦角甾醇中醋酸酯掺入）的群落适应性的影响。为了避免混淆温度对底物有效性的影响，在大约一个月后使用短期试验估计不同温度下的生长。实验开始前，真菌和细菌在30℃左右生长最优，土壤温度高于30℃，细菌最优生长随土壤温度升高，总响应曲线平行移动。低于最适温度，土壤温度的影响很小，尽管较低的温度可以使群落在最低温度下生长得更好。真菌受影响的方式与细菌相同，当土壤温度高于最适宜生长的温度时，真菌的耐温能力会发生很大变化。一种简化的技术，只比较两种不同温度下的生长情况，得出的结果与使用完整的温度曲线相似，也允许在温度差异很小的现场情况下进行大规模测量。
Temperature not only has direct effects on microbial activity, but can also affect activity indirectly by changing the temperature dependency of the community. This would result in communities performing better over time in response to increased temperatures. We have for the first time studied the effect of soil temperature (5-50 degrees C) on the community adaptation of both bacterial (leucine incorporation) and fungal growth (acetate-in-ergosterol incorporation). Growth at different temperatures was estimated after about a month using a short-term assay to avoid confounding the effects of temperature on substrate availability. Before the experiment started, fungal and bacterial growth was optimal around 30 degrees C. Increasing soil temperature above this resulted in an increase in the optimum for bacterial growth, correlated to soil temperature, with parallel shifts in the total response curve. Below the optimum, soil temperature had only minor effects, although lower temperatures selected for communities growing better at the lowest temperature. Fungi were affected in the same way as bacteria, with large shifts in temperature tolerance at soil temperatures above that of optimum for growth. A simplified technique, only comparing growth at two contrasting temperatures, gave similar results as using a complete temperature curve, allowing for large scale measurements also in field situations with small differences in temperature.