Effects of Vehicle Cabin Filter Efficiency on Ultrafine Particle Concentration Ratios Measured In-Cabin and On-Roadway
Effects of Vehicle Cabin Filter Efficiency on Ultrafine Particle Concentration Ratios Measured In-Cabin and On-Roadway
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DOI：
10.1080/02786826.2010.531792
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发表时间：
2011-02
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Bin Xu;Shusen Liu;Junjie Liu;Yifang Zhu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bin Xu;Shusen Liu;Junjie Liu;Yifang Zhu
了解汽车车厢内的微环境对于评估人体对汽车超细颗粒物（UFP）的暴露具有重要意义。通过驾驶室过滤器的过滤是确定驾驶室内与道路上（I/O）UFP浓度之比的过程之一。在这项研究中，两个过滤器测试系统被用来测量细，超细和粗颗粒的颗粒过滤效率。两种类型的颗粒（柴油机排气UFP和亚利桑那州的测试颗粒）被用来代表预期在道路上的环境中的颗粒类型。最具穿透力的颗粒尺寸约为300 nm，过滤效率低于20%。当过滤器表面速度从0.1 m s-1增加到0.5 m s-1时，过滤效率降低10 - 20%。对于经常在繁忙交通条件下行驶的车辆（65，000 - 72，000辆/天），在10个月内，通过驾驶室过滤器的压降增加到45 Pa。在中等交通条件下（10，000 - 24，000辆/天）需要20个月才能达到相同的压降，在轻度交通条件下（700 - 2，000辆/天）需要30个月。当车辆通风风扇打开且再循环关闭时，在繁忙的交通条件下，UFP I/O比率大约需要10个月才能增加40%。UFP的I/O比率和过滤器的使用在各种条件下的显式关系推导出，以促进机舱过滤器的更换决策的基础上，个人的喜好。
Understanding the in-cabin microenvironment of vehicles is important for assessing human exposure to ultrafine particles (UFPs) of vehicular origin. Filtration through the cabin filter is one of the processes that determine the ratio of in-cabin to on-roadway (I/O) UFP concentrations. In this study, two filter test systems were used to measure the particle filtration efficiencies of fine, ultrafine, and coarse particles. Two types of particles (diesel exhaust UFPs and Arizona test particles) were used to represent the particle types expected in the on-roadway environment. The most penetrating particle size was around 300 nm with filtration efficiency lower than 20%. As the filter face velocity increased from 0.1 to 0.5 m s−1, the filtration efficiency decreased by 10–20%. For vehicles that were frequently driven under heavy traffic conditions (65,000–72,000 vehicles day−1) the pressure drop across the cabin filter increased up to 45 Pa within 10 months. It took 20 months to achieve the same pressure drop under moderate traffic conditions (10,000–24,000 vehicles day−1) and 30 months under light conditions (700–2,000 vehicles day−1). When the vehicle ventilation fan was on and the recirculation was off, it took approximately 10 months under heavy traffic conditions for UFP I/O ratios to increase by 40%. Explicit relationships between UFP I/O ratios and filter usage under various conditions were derived to facilitate cabin filter change decisions based on individual preferences.