MULTIPLE OVULATION AND EMBRYO MANIPULATION IN THE IMPROVEMENT OF BEEF-CATTLE - RELATIVE THEORETICAL RATES OF GENETIC CHANGE
MULTIPLE OVULATION AND EMBRYO MANIPULATION IN THE IMPROVEMENT OF BEEF-CATTLE - RELATIVE THEORETICAL RATES OF GENETIC CHANGE
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DOI：
10.2527/jas1989.67112863x
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发表时间：
1989-11-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
TEEPKER, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
GEARHEART, WW;SMITH, C;TEEPKER, G
本文比较了传统和多排卵胚胎移植（MOET）育种方案下肉牛对选择的年度遗传反应的理论速率。对低、中、高遗传力的两种方案分别考虑了更替策略、交配比和选择类型的几种组合。对于MOET，每个供体的四个胚胎移植率用于代表低至中等MOET水平。结果表明，选择的年度遗传反应可以高达1.3，1.6和1.8倍，与常规育种相比，低，中，高遗传力的性状，分别为MOET方案，然而，年度近交率也很高。胚胎分裂，或克隆，被证明通过产生相同的基因型，选择的准确性提高了8 - 35%。MOET结合胚胎分裂在精英核心单位的使用可以大大提高肉牛群体中低，中，高遗传力性状的遗传改良。
Theoretical rates of annual genetic responses to selection in beef cattle were compared for conventional and multiple ovulation and embryo transfer (MOET) breeding schemes. Several combinations of replacement policy, mating ratio and type of selection were considered for both schemes with low, medium and high heritabilities. For MOET, four rates of embryo transfers per donor were used to represent low to moderate MOET levels. The results indicated that annual genetic responses to selection could be up to 1.3, 1.6 and 1.8 times as great for MOET compared with conventional breeding for traits of low, medium and high heritability, respectively; however, the annual inbreeding rates also were high for the MOET schemes considered. Embryo splitting, or cloning, was shown to increase accuracy of selection by 8 to 35% through the production of identical genotypes. The use of MOET in conjunction with embryo splitting in elite nucleus units could substantially increase genetic improvement for traits with low, medium and high heritabilities in beef cattle populations.