Shocking Labor Supply: A Reassessment of the Role of World War Ii on U.S. Women&Apos;S Labor Supply
Shocking Labor Supply: A Reassessment of the Role of World War Ii on U.S. Women&Apos;S Labor Supply
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令人震惊的劳动力供应：重新评估第二次世界大战对美国妇女的作用
DOI：
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Claudia Olivetti
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
C. Goldin;Claudia Olivetti
在过去的一百年里，女性劳动力最突出的特点是其巨大的增长。但许多人认为，这种增长是不连续的。我们的目的是确定第二次世界大战对1950年和1960年结婚的妇女的劳动力供应的短期和长期影响。我们使用各种男性群体的动员率（按年龄，种族，父亲身份）来观察是否有战时影响。我们发现，总动员率对已婚白色（非农业）妇女的工作周数和劳动力参与率产生了最大和最强大的影响。此外，受影响的主要是受教育程度较高的妇女。在二战期间结婚但没有孩子的妇女是1950年受动员率影响最大的群体，尽管到1960年，二战仍然影响了他们以及二战期间有孩子的妇女的劳动力供应决定。最后，我们的文件之间的分水岭和修正主义的观点，二战对女性劳动力供应的作用的决议。
The most prominent feature of the female labor force across the past hundred years is its enormous growth. But many believe that the increase was discontinuous. Our purpose is to identify the short- and long-run impacts of WWII on the labor supply of women who were currently married in 1950 and 1960. We use mobilization rates for various groups of men (by age, race, fatherhood) to see whether there was a wartime impact. We find that an aggregate mobilization rate produces the largest and most robust impacts on both weeks worked and the labor force participation of married white (non-farm) women. The impact, moreover, was experienced primarily by women in the top half of the education distribution. Women who were married but without children during WWII were the group most impacted by the mobilization rate in 1950, although by 1960 WWII still influenced the labor supply decisions of them as well as those with children during WWII. We end the paper with a resolution between the watershed and revisionist views of the role of WWII on female labor supply.