Deregulation, Consolidation, and Efficiency: Evidence from US Nuclear Power
Deregulation, Consolidation, and Efficiency: Evidence from US Nuclear Power
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DOI：
10.1257/app.4.4.194
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发表时间：
2012-10-01
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Wolfram, Catherine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Davis, Lucas W.;Wolfram, Catherine
从20世纪90年代末开始，美国许多州的电力市场被解除管制，全国103个核电反应堆中几乎有一半被出售给独立的电力生产商。放松管制的同时也伴随着市场的大规模整合，如今，三大公司控制着美国三分之一的核电产能。我们发现，放松管制和整合与10%的经营业绩增加，主要是通过减少反应堆停机的持续时间。按平均批发价格计算，这一增加的经营业绩每年价值25亿美元，意味着每年减少3 500万吨二氧化碳排放量。(JEL L11、L51、L94、L98、Q42、Q48）
Beginning in the late 1990s, electricity markets in many US states were deregulated, and almost half of the nation's 103 nuclear power reactors were sold to independent power producers. Deregulation has been accompanied by substantial market consolidation, and today the three largest companies control one-third of US nuclear capacity. We find that deregulation and consolidation are associated with a 10 percent increase in operating performance, achieved primarily by reducing the duration of reactor outages. At average wholesale prices, this increased operating performance is worth $2.5 billion annually and implies an annual decrease of 35 million tons of carbon dioxide emissions. (JEL L11, L51, L94, L98, Q42, Q48)