Active Motor Training Has Long-term Effects on Infants' Object Exploration.
Active Motor Training Has Long-term Effects on Infants' Object Exploration.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00599
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Needham AW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Wiesen SE;Watkins RM;Needham AW
研究了主动运动训练对婴儿行为的长期影响。32名婴儿完成了对实验室的三次访问。在第一次访问时，婴儿3个月大，并完成了对象探索评估。然后，实验者展示适合婴儿实验条件的运动训练程序，父母带回家定制的婴儿手套（粘性或非粘性）和一袋轻质玩具，与婴儿一起练习。在接下来的2周内，婴儿在家中与父母一起参加了10次主动（粘性）或被动（非粘性）手套训练。参加活动手套训练的婴儿戴着手套，手掌上覆盖着尼龙搭扣，使他们能够拿起小玩具并在周围移动。参加被动式连指手套训练的婴儿戴着不粘手的连指手套，他们的父母代表他们在视野中移动玩具。完成训练后，婴儿返回实验室进行第二次访问。在第二次访问时，婴儿参加了另一个对象探索评估以及达到评估。父母在第二次访问时将培训材料返回实验室，并被告知从这一点开始不要继续任何特定的培训方案。两个月后，当婴儿大约5.5个月大时，他们回到实验室进行第三次访问。在第三次访视时，婴儿完成了与第二次访视期间相同的两项评估。这项研究的结果表明，与接受被动训练的婴儿相比，参与主动运动训练的婴儿进行了更复杂的物体探索。这些发现与文献中的其他研究结果一致，表明3个月大时的主动运动训练有助于物体探索和参与的过程。目前的结果和其他结果表明，早期经验的影响可以在训练停止后持续很长时间。
Long-term changes in infants’ behavior as a result of active motor training were studied. Thirty-two infants completed three visits to the laboratory. At the first visit, infants were 3 months old and completed an object exploration assessment. Then the experimenter demonstrated the motor training procedures appropriate for the infant’s experimental condition, and parents took home custom infant mittens (either sticky or non-sticky) and a bag of lightweight toys to practice with their infants. Over the course of the following 2 weeks, infants participated in 10 sessions of either active (sticky) or passive (non-sticky) mittens training at home with their parents. Infants who participated in active mittens training wore mittens with the palms covered in Velcro, allowing them to pick up and move around small toys. Infants who participated in passive mittens training wore non-sticky mittens, and their parents moved the toys through their visual fields on their behalf. After completing the training, infants returned to the lab for the second visit. At visit two, infants participated in another object exploration assessment as well as a reaching assessment. Parents returned the training materials to the lab at the second visit, and were told not to continue any specific training regimen from this point forward. Two months later, when infants were about 5.5 months of age, they returned to the lab for a third visit. At the third visit, infants completed the same two assessments as during the second visit. The results of this study indicate that infants who participated in active motor training engaged in more sophisticated object exploration when compared to infants who received passive training. These findings are consistent with others in the literature showing that active motor training at 3 months of age facilitates the processes of object exploration and engagement. The current results and others reveal that the effects of early experience can last long after training ceases.