In situ associations between marine photosynthetic picoeukaryotes and potential parasites - a role for fungi?
In situ associations between marine photosynthetic picoeukaryotes and potential parasites - a role for fungi?
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DOI：
10.1111/1758-2229.12339
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发表时间：
2016-08-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Scanlan, David J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lepere, Cecile;Ostrowski, Martin;Scanlan, David J.
光合超微核生物（PPE）是海洋超微浮游植物群落的重要组成部分，在二氧化碳固定中发挥着关键作用，同时也是食菌动物，特别是在寡营养环流中。尽管人们对这些生物体的兴趣日益浓厚，并且对这一群体的遗传多样性的了解也有所提高，但我们对控制这些生物体丰度的环境因素仍然知之甚少。在这里，我们研究了南大西洋横断面自由生活部分中真核寄生虫的数量重要性以及与 PPE 的关联。利用酪胺信号放大-荧光原位杂交（TSA-FISH），我们提供了公海海洋系统中自由生活真菌的存在的定量证据，而Perkinsozoa和Syndiniales寄生虫在这些水域中并不丰富。使用流式细胞术对不同 PPE 群体进行细胞分选，然后采用双标记 TSA-FISH 方法，我们还证明了与 pico-Prymnesiophyceae 和 pico-Chrysophyceae 均存在潜在寄生性的真菌关联。这些数据强调了进一步研究海洋真菌作为浮游植物寄生虫的具体作用的必要性，以增进对海洋生态系统碳流的了解。
Photosynthetic picoeukaryotes (PPEs) are important components of the marine picophytoplankton community playing a critical role in CO2 fixation but also as bacterivores, particularly in the oligotrophic gyres. Despite an increased interest in these organisms and an improved understanding of the genetic diversity of this group, we still know little of the environmental factors controlling the abundance of these organisms. Here, we investigated the quantitative importance of eukaryotic parasites in the free-living fraction as well as in associations with PPEs along a transect in the South Atlantic. Using tyramide signal amplification-fluorescence in situ hybridization (TSA-FISH), we provide quantitative evidence of the occurrence of free-living fungi in open ocean marine systems, while the Perkinsozoa and Syndiniales parasites were not abundant in these waters. Using flow cytometric cell sorting of different PPE populations followed by a dual-labelled TSA-FISH approach, we also demonstrate fungal associations, potentially parasitic, occurring with both pico-Prymnesiophyceae and pico-Chrysophyceae. These data highlight the necessity for further work investigating the specific role of marine fungi as parasites of phytoplankton to improve understanding of carbon flow in marine ecosystems.